Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Validez factorial del «Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo» (CESQT) en una muestra de maestros mexicanos

2009; Ramon de la Fuente National Institute of Psychiatry; Volume: 32; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

0185-3325

Pedro R. Gil‐Monte, Sara Unda Rojas, Jorge I. Sandoval Ocaña,

Workplace Health and Well-being

SUMMARY Since the term burnout began to be used in the mid 1970’s to refer to the process of deterioration in the care and professional attention given to users of human service organizations (public service, volunteer, medical, human social service, educational organizations, etc.), a variety of instruments have been developed to measure this phenomenon. A review of the literature makes it possible to conclude that among these measurement instruments the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) has been used with the greatest frequency to measure the burnout syndrome, regardless of the occupational characteristics of the sample or the source of the burnout. While the most commonly employed burnout measure has been the MBI, researchers have been troubled by some of the psychometric limitations of this scale: a number of authors have suggested that a three-factor structure might not be appropriate; some items are not associated with their factors; Cronbach’s alpha values are low for the Depersonalization subscale; different versions of the instrument evaluate the same phenomenon, etc. Other instruments used to evaluate burnout (for example Burnout Measure) do not satisfactorily operationalize the definition of the syndrome. The deficiencies in the instruments used for evaluating burnout have led to the development of the «Cuestionario para la Evaluacion del Sindrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo» (CESQT) (Spanish Burnout Inventory). The theoretical model underlying the CESQT is based on the concept that burnout is a response to chronic job stress that stems from problematic interpersonal work relationships, and it develops in those individuals who work with people, quite frequently in service sector professionals who are in direct contact with the end-users. It is characterized by cognitive deterioration (loss of enthusiasm toward the job), emotional deterioration, and attitudes and behaviours of indifference, indolence, withdrawal and sometimes, abusive attitudes toward the client. In some cases, feelings of guilt appear. The psychometric model of the CESQT contains twenty items distributed in four dimensions such as: 1. enthusiasm toward the job (five items), defined as the individual’s desire to achieve goals at work because it is a source of personal pleasure; 2. psychological exhaustion (four items), defined as the appearance of emotional and physical exhaustion due to the fact that at work s/he must deal daily with people who present or cause problems; 3. indolence (six items), defined as the appearance of negative attitudes of indifference and cynicism toward the organization’s clients; 4. guilt (five items), defined as the appearance of feelings of guilt for negative attitudes developed on the job, especially toward the people with whom s/he establishes work relationships. The purpose of this study is the validation of the CESQT in Mexican primary education teachers. A four factor model, like that of the original model presented, was hypothesized.