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Diversités phénotypique et morphométrique des poulets locaux (Gallus gallus) de deux zones agroécologiques de Côte d'Ivoire*

2010; Université des Réseaux d'Expression Française; Volume: 19; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1684/agr.2010.0436

1777-5949

Chia Valentine Yapi-Gnaore, N.E. Loukou, Assanvo Simon-Pierre N’Guetta, Boniface B. Kayang, Xavier Rognon, Michèle Tixier‐Boichard, Gnénékita Touré, Yaya Coulibaly, Issaka Youssao Abdou Karim,

Insect Utilization and Effects

With the goal of improving poultry genetic resource management, a phenotypic and morphometric characterization of Gallus gallus domesticus species was undertaken in two agroecologic zones (forest and savannah) of Côte d'Ivoire. A sample of 439 hens and 193 cocks were photographed, described and measured individually. Wide scale phenotypical variability was observed in colorings and patterns of the chickens' plumage. The most commonly observed colorings were white (11.0% forest; 11.6% savannah) in cocks and hens, a red body with a black tail among cocks (9.3% forest 6.7% savannah) and a brown color of hens (8.7% forest ; 6.4% savannah). Black chickens were more often present in the forest zone (9.8%) than in the savannah zone (3.3%) as opposed to the fawn-colored or red coloured chickens (5.5% forest ; 9.2% in savannah). The E allele expressing extended black is strongly present (34.8%) in this population. The frizzled, crested and naked-neck mutations with respective frequencies of 2.4%, 2.5% and 1.9% were observed. Live weight dimorphism (38.5%) was observed between males and females and was strongly correlated with the thoracic perimeter (R = 0.86). The chicken populations of the two agroecological zones cannot be differentiated. However, various colouring genes ensure great diversity in their plumage, playing therefore an important socio-cultural role.