Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

RETRACTED: The periosteum

2007; Elsevier BV; Volume: 38; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.injury.2007.05.017

1879-0267

Goran Augustin, Anko Antabak, Slavko Davila,

Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty

Since the time of Duhamel and John Hunter it has been the belief of anatomists and surgeons that the periosteum is osteogenic.In 1757 Duhamel and Monceau reflected the periosteum from the bone and fitted around it a silver ring, over which the periosteum was sewed.After a period of several months the ring was completely covered with bone and from this observation they concluded that the periosteum secreted bone. 35In the mid 1800s, Dupuytren proposed that the cartilage of fracture callus originated from periosteum and bone marrow. 36n 1867 Ollier proved that the deep cellular or osteogenic layer of a free periosteal graft is able to produce bone.This view was not disputed until in 1912 when Sir W. Macewan published his work The Growth of Bone in which he described many experiments which seemed to demonstrate that the periosteum cannot be considered osteogenic, and that it must be viewed merely as a limiting membrane of much the same nature as the sheath of a muscle or the capsule of one of the viscera.This observation of a periosteum as merely a limiting membrane was confirmd by the Gallie and Robertson in 1914. 44Then Lacroix in 1945.demonstrated the osteogenic capabilitiy of mature periosteum. 65 Anatomical considerationsThe periosteum is specialized fibrous tissue in a form of fibro-vascular membrane.This well vascularized fibrous sheath, covers the external surface of most bones and is absent from articular surfaces, tendon insertions, or sesamoid bone surfaces. 60The periosteum and bones are bound together by collagen fibers called Sharpey's fibers that penetrate into bone.The direction of collagen fibers is determined by tension forces (Fig. 1).These fibers penetrate entire cortex at the sites exposed to high amount of tension forces and the results are tight junctions of tendons and bones. 136 In the region of the diaphyses of long bones periosteum is thicker (2-3 mm) and easily separated from the underlying bone.It is strongly fused with bones in metaphyseal and epiphyseal region where it is thinner.