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Improved Polar and Geosynchronous Satellite Data Sets Available in Common Data Format at the Coordinated Data Analysis Web

2015; American Geophysical Union; Volume: 13; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/2015sw001176

1542-7390

R. J. Redmon, J. V. Rodriguez, J. C. Green, Dan Ober, Gordon Wilson, D. J. Knipp, L. M. Kilcommons, Robert E. McGuire,

Atmospheric Ozone and Climate

The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), University of Colorado, Aerospace Engineering Sciences (CU-AES) Department, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Physics Data Facility (SPDF) are pleased to announce a joint long-term effort to make a variety of improved Geosynchronous Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), Polar Operational Environmental Satellite (POES), and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) heliophysics data available through SPDF's Coordinated Data Analysis Web (CDAWeb) interface multimission data service. Standard CDAWeb services including graphics, listings, supersets/subsets in common data format, FTP/HTTP downloads, and access via CDAWeb web services calls and within Interactive Data Language sessions using the SPDF's Coordinated Data Analysis System (CDAS) library will be available. The GOES, POES, and DMSP observations provide a multidecade baseline of critical space weather observations such as radiation belt electrons, solar energetic protons, geosynchronous magnetic fields, and precipitating electrons and protons. NGDC has historically made the real-time operational products available to the public. The motivation for the derivation and release of these improved data sets is to make them more appropriate for use in scientific studies by providing supplementary quantities such as pitch angles and error estimates. Current GOES 13–15 1 min and 5 min electron flux data from the Energetic Particle Suite Magnetospheric Electron Detectors (MAGEDs) are now available in CDAWeb. The MAGED data consist of 40–475 keV electron fluxes in nine look directions, with GOES 13 and GOES 15 data from January 2011 to the present. GOES 14 MAGED data for October–November 2012 (while this spacecraft was temporarily taken out of orbital storage for operational use) are also available. The pitch angles for each MAGED look direction are calculated from the GOES 13–15 magnetometer field vector at a 1 min cadence and the methodology is described in Rodriguez [2014a]. Additional data products from these detectors are in the pipeline. The GOES 13–15 Energetic Proton, Electron, and Alpha Detectors (EPEAD) measure the GOES MeV electron and solar proton fluxes. The new EPEAD >2 MeV and >0.8 MeV electron science quality product available via CDAWeb includes (1) dead-time and contamination-corrected fluxes at a 1 min cadence, with excessively contaminated fluxes flagged and replaced with fill values, (2) error bars that account for counting statistics and uncertainties in the calibration and the contamination correction, and (3) an orientation flag that indicates the look directions (east or west) of the two EPEADs on each satellite. This orientation flag will be of particular interest to users of the EPEAD solar proton data, which exhibit east-west anisotropies. The theoretical basis of this product is described in Rodriguez [2014b]. Extensive documentation including algorithm theoretical basis documents, NetCDF, and comma-separated-variable (CSV)-formatted data and summary graphics are available from NGDC at http://ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/. NOAA POES and MetOp Space Environment Monitor (SEM-2) observations from the Total Energy Detector (TED) and the Medium Energy Proton and Electron Detector (MEPED) instruments are now available in CDAWeb. The TED instrument measures the flux of electrons and ions in the energy range of 0.05–20 keV from two look directions. The MEPED instrument consists of four telescopes for measuring electron and proton particle fluxes in two look directions and four omnidirectional dome detectors (“omnis”) for measuring proton particle fluxes. Electron telescope particle fluxes are reported for integral ranges with minimum energies of 40, 130, 287, and 612 keV. Proton telescope particle fluxes are reported at five differential energies of 39, 115, 332, 1105, and 2723 keV and for one integral range with a minimum energy of 6423 keV. Proton fluxes derived from the omnis are reported at three differential energies of 25, 50, and 100 MeV. This new archive includes data from the seven spacecraft NOAA 15 through NOAA 19 and MetOp-1(B) and MetOp-2(A) and currently covers the period from 2012 to near real time. These new common data format (CDF) data incorporate the improvements made to the operational data set first reported by J. Green at the 2013 Fall AGU Meeting [Green et al., 2013, #SM52C-06], including the production of number and energy fluxes, the calculation of magnetic parameters such as pitch angles, and uncertainty estimates. The theoretical basis and data description of the POES products are documented in Green [2013a, 2013b, 2013c] and Machol [2012]. Extensive documentation including algorithm theoretical basis documents, NetCDF formatted data, and summary graphics are available from NGDC at http://ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/poes/. The path to the data products described here is http://satdat.ngdc.noaa.gov/sem/poes/data/processed/ngdc/uncorrected/full/. DMSP observations from the Special Sensor J (SSJ) instrument are now available in CDF from the NGDC and CDAWeb. The SSJ instrument measures the flux of electrons and ions precipitating into the atmosphere in the energy range of 30 eV to 30 keV. Through a collaboration between AFRL, NGDC, and CU-AES, this new archive includes data from the three spacecraft F16 through F18 and covers the period from 2010 to mid-2014. These new CDF data incorporate standard parameters and several improvements made to the operational data set including original count rates, background-adjusted energy fluxes, and characteristic energies (and uncertainty measures) derived from the latest calibration coefficients, and updated satellite ephemerides in several coordinate frames. The SSJ instrument is described in Hardy et al. [1984] and Schumaker et al. [1988], while the theoretical basis for computing particle fluxes from count rates is described in Hardy et al. [2008] and Redmon [2014]. Extensive documentation including algorithm theoretical basis documents, CDF-formatted data and summary graphics (full day and auroral zone crossings) are available from NGDC at http://ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/dmsp/. The improvement in these data sets and their wider accessibility achieves a major milestone in serving the space weather community. CDAWeb access to the GOES, POES, and DMSP data in CDF supplements the existing distribution of these data in CSV, NetCDF, and CDF formats from the NGDC data services. While much effort has gone into describing these data sets from the detectors to the final products, caveats still exist. Therefore, researchers unfamiliar with the GOES, POES/MetOp SEM-2, and DMSP SSJ particle data are encouraged to consult with an instrument scientist to help ensure the measurements are properly interpreted. Please send comments and questions regarding these data to Rob Redmon ([email protected]) or Juan Rodriguez ([email protected]). Additional improved data sets from NGDC that will be made available in the near future include DMSP Special Sensor Magnetometer (SSM), Special Sensor for Ions, Electrons, and Scintillation (SSIES) and GOES MAGED data from 2006 to 2010. Data reported are from the following: (1) CDAWeb (http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov), (2) SPDF's CDAS Library (http://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/WebServices/REST/CdasIdlLibrary.html), (3) SPDF (http://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov), (4) NGDC (http://ngdc.noaa.gov), (5) NGDC archival GOES services (http://ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/goes/), (6) NGDC archival POES/MetOp services (http://ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/poes/), and (7) NGDC archival DMSP services (http://ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/satellite/dmsp/). The DMSP effort was partially supported by NASA grant NNX13AG07G. The data described in this article are freely available at the websites listed in the General Comments section. Rob J. Redmon is a Physical Scientist in NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center. Email: [email protected] Juan V. Rodriguez is a Research Scientist in NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center and the University of Colorado Boulder's Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences. Email: [email protected] Janet C. Green is a Research Scientist at Space Hazards Applications. Email: [email protected] Dan Ober is a Senior Research Physicist in the Air Force Research Laboratory. Email: [email protected] Gordon Wilson is a Senior Research Physicist in the Air Force Research Laboratory. Email: [email protected] Delores Knipp is a Professor in the Aerospace Engineering Sciences department of the University of Colorado, Boulder. Email: [email protected] Liam Kilcommons is a Research Scientist in the Aerospace Engineering Sciences department of the University of Colorado, Boulder. Email: [email protected] Bob McGuire is a Physical Scientist in NASA's Space Physics Data Facility. Email: [email protected]