Ug99-Future Challenges
2014; Springer International Publishing; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1007/978-1-4939-1188-2_8
ISSN2198-7777
AutoresSubhash Bhardwaj, M. Prashar, Pramod Prasad,
Tópico(s)Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
ResumoStem or black rust of wheat was a disease of past until the emergence of Ug99, a race of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Uganda in 1999. The peculiar feature of this race is its virulence to Sr31 which was conferring resistance to various diseases in wheat covering about 40 % of the world's acreage under wheat. Since then this race has evolved seven more variants, five of which have virulence to Sr31 and different combinations of other Sr genes like Sr24 and Sr36. This group of races have further spread to Kenya, Ethiopia, Sudan, Yemen, Iran Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and South Africa. With a call from Noble Laureate Dr. Norman Borlaug in 2005, the entire world stood up to fight this menace. Under the umbrella of Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (BGRI), Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW) started functioning with funding from many donors. Before the Sr31 virulences could spread further, more than 2,50,000 lines of wheat from almost all the wheat-growing countries had been evaluated in Kenya and Ethiopia and many have been found resistant against Ug99 group of races . It may not be threat in main wheat belt of North Western Plains Zone of India; however, management strategy is in place, if there is an independent mutation for Sr31 to secure the wheat in stem rust prone areas. Already a sizeable area is under Ug99 group resistant wheat in Peninsular and Central India.
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