Parasites Reared from Larvae of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), in Massachusetts, 1971-73 (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae)
1975; BioOne; Volume: 83; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
1937-2361
Autores Tópico(s)Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
ResumoThree exotic Ostrinia nubilalis parasites; Eriborus terebrans, Macrocentrus grandii, and Sympiesis viridula were detected in Massachusetts along with two native species; Aplomya caesar and Lixophaga sp. Of these, M. grandii was by far the most important, accounting for over 92 per cent of the borers parasitized. During a 1971-73 study of natural control of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), 1498 last instar borers were examined for parasites. These borers were collected from the 10 Massachusetts localities listed in Table 1 and held individually in shell vials. The parasites and the percentages of borers from which they emerged are summarized in Table 1. Of the seven exotic 0. nubilalis parasites listed as established in the United States by Baker et al. (1949), only two, Eriborus terebrans (Grav.) (Ichneu monidae) and Macrocentrus grandii (Goid.) (Braconidae) were reared from these borers. A third imported parasite, Sympiesis viridula (Thoms.) (deter mined by B. D. Burks) (Eulophidae), hitherto unreported from Massachusetts, was found overwintering as pupae, three in Amherst and two in West Bridge water. Also E. terebrans was found only in two localities and only in limited numbers (Table 1). Conversely, M. grandii was found in all 12 collections, with percentages of parasitization ranging from 6.3 to 60. A number of colonies of this polyembryonic wasp failed to produce adults. The successful ones averaged 19.1 individuals for the 98 colonies containing only males, 18.0 for the 111 containing only females, and 29.0 for the 21 colonies containing both sexes. Two native tachinid parasites were also reared. Aplomya caesar (Ald.) was present in five collections but accounted for less than one per cent of the over-all parasitization. A species of Lixophaga was found in one collection, killing at 1Part of a thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the M. S. degree. 'Published with the aid of a grant from the Guy Chester Crampton Research Fund of the University of Massachusetts. 3Formerly teaching assistant, Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts. Present address: Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850. Professor NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY, XXXIII: 36-37. March, 1975. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.101 on Sat, 08 Oct 2016 05:29:23 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms VOL. LXXXIII, MARCH, 1975 37 TABLE 1. Parasites reared from Ostrinia nubilalis in Massachusetts, 1971-73. Per Per Per cent Per cent Per Total cent E. cent Lixocent per No. M. tereA. phaga unidencent of grandii brans caesar sp. tified parasit Location Date borers (a) (b) (c) (c) (d) ization Barnstable Co. VII-23-73 60 30.0 0 0 0 0 30.0 (E. Sandwich) Essex Co. VII-24-73 11 9.1 9.1 9.1 0 0 27.3 (Danvers) (Ipswich) VII-12-73 60 25.0 0 0 0 0 25.0 (Waltham) VII-30-73 60 11.7 8.3 0 0 0 20.0 Franklin Co. X-1-71 300 25.7 0 1.0 0 0 26.7 (S. Deerfield) Hampden Co. VIII-4-73 60 8.3 0 3.3 8.3 10 30.0 (Holyoke) Hampshire Co. VII-28-72 60 15.00 0 0 0 15.0 (Easthampton) Norfolk Co. VII-16-73 60 28.3 0 1.7 0 0 30.0 (Attleboro) Plymouth Co. VII-30-73 32 6.3 0 0 0 0 6.3 (Bridgewater) (W. Bridgewater) VIII-3-72 60 10.0 0 0 0 0 10.0 X-15-72 675 21.0 0 0.7 0 0 21.7 VII-20-73 60 60.0 0 0 0 0 60.0 Over-all 1498 22.4 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.4 24.3 (a) Macrocentrus grandii (Goid) (= gifuensis) determined by P. M. Marsh. (b) Eriborus terebrans (Grav.) (= Horogenes punctorius) determined by R. W. Carlson. (c) Aplomya caesar (Ald.) and Lixophaga sp. determined by C. W. Sabrosky. (d) Six dipterous puparia, possibly additional Lixophaga. least 8.3% (18.3% if additional similar pupae which failed to emerge were Lixophaga). The 4 parasites listed in Table 1 killed 24.3% of the borers. However, M. grandii accounted for over 92% of this mortality, with an over-all parasitization of 22.4% of all borers examined. It is obvious from these data that M. grandii is by far the most important parasite of the corn borer in Massachusetts.
Referência(s)