A family study of obsessive-compulsive disorder
1995; American Psychiatric Association; Volume: 152; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1176/ajp.152.1.76
ISSN1535-7228
AutoresDavid L. Pauls, John P. Alsobrook, Wayne K. Goodman, Susan Rasmussen, J F Leckman,
Tópico(s)Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
ResumoBack to table of contents Previous article Next article No AccessA family study of obsessive-compulsive disorderPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.152.1.76AboutSectionsView articleAbstractPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View articleAbstractOBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine 1) whether obsessive- compulsive disorder is familial, 2) whether there is a familial relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and chronic tics, and 3) whether different familial types of obsessive-compulsive disorder exist. METHOD: In this family study, all available first-degree relatives of 100 probands with obsessive-compulsive disorder were interviewed directly with structured interviews, and best-estimate diagnoses were assigned. In addition to the 466 first-degree relatives of the probands, 113 comparison subjects who were first-degree relatives of 33 psychiatrically unaffected subjects were studied with the same interviews. RESULTS: The rates of obsessive-compulsive disorder and subthreshold obsessive-compulsive disorder were significantly greater among the relatives of the probands with obsessive-compulsive disorder (10.3% and 7.9%, respectively) than among the comparison subjects (1.9% and 2.0%, respectively). Furthermore, the rate of tics (Tourette's disorder and chronic tics) was also significantly greater among the relatives of the probands (4.6%) than among the comparison subjects (1.0%). The relatives of female probands with obsessive-compulsive disorder were more likely to have tics, and the relatives of probands with early onset were at higher risk for both obsessive-compulsive disorder and tics. CONCLUSIONS: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a heterogeneous condition. Some cases are familial and related to tic disorders, some cases are familial and unrelated to tics, and in other cases there appears to be no family history of either obsessive-compulsive disorder or tics. Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byAlterations of default mode and cingulo-opercular salience network and frontostriatal circuit: A candidate endophenotype of obsessive-compulsive disorderProgress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 116Deep brain stimulation for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review and analysis of the FDA MAUDE database2 September 2022 | Surgical Neurology International, Vol. 13Tics and Tourette SyndromeGenetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder25 May 2021 | Psychological Medicine, Vol. 51, No. 13Bidirectional Behavioral Selection in Mice: A Novel Pre-clinical Approach to Examining Compulsivity8 September 2021 | Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 12Comparison of neurocognitive performance in familial versus sporadic obsessive-compulsive disorderJournal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 30Developmental Considerations in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Comparing Pediatric and Adult-Onset Cases14 June 2021 | Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 12Relationships between dissociation, obsessive beliefs, and self-esteem in juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case-controlled clinical study4 June 2021 | Current Psychology, Vol. 25A population-based family clustering study of tic-related obsessive-compulsive disorder15 October 2019 | Molecular Psychiatry, Vol. 26, No. 4Neurocognitive Endophenotypes of OCD10 March 2021Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders in Transitional-Age Youth11 March 2021Aberrant rich club organization in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their unaffected first-degree relativesNeuroImage: Clinical, Vol. 32Genetic and environmental factors of mental disorders27 September 2021 | E3S Web of Conferences, Vol. 308Cognitive performance in children and adolescents at high-risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder20 July 2020 | BMC Psychiatry, Vol. 20, No. 1Mental health dished up—the use of iPSC models in neuropsychiatric research7 May 2020 | Journal of Neural Transmission, Vol. 127, No. 11The Role of Stress in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Narrative Review7 October 2020 | Harvard Review of Psychiatry, Vol. 28, No. 6The polygenic risk for obsessive‐compulsive disorder is associated with the personality trait harm avoidance3 September 2020 | Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 142, No. 4The effects of acute serotonin challenge on executive planning in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), their first-degree relatives, and healthy controls8 July 2020 | Psychopharmacology, Vol. 43Serum zonulin and claudin-5 levels in children with obsessive–compulsive disorder21 January 2020 | Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 74, No. 5Parent-child interactions and childhood OCD: Comparing OCD families with other clinical and non-clinical familiesJournal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 26Genetic meta‐analysis of obsessive–compulsive disorder and self‐report compulsive symptoms31 December 2019 | American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 183, No. 4De Novo Damaging DNA Coding Mutations Are Associated With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Overlap With Tourette’s Disorder and AutismBiological Psychiatry, Vol. 87, No. 12Clinical characteristics of hoarding disorder in Japanese patientsHeliyon, Vol. 6, No. 3Obsessive–compulsive disorderReferencesThe serotonergic system in obsessive-compulsive disorderOrganic Cation Transporters in Health and Disease18 December 2019 | Pharmacological Reviews, Vol. 72, No. 1 Abnormal Anhedonia as a Potential Endophenotype in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder 1 December 2020 | Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol. Volume 16Do polygenic risk and stressful life events predict pharmacological treatment response in obsessive compulsive disorder? A gene–environment interaction approach4 February 2019 | Translational Psychiatry, Vol. 9, No. 1Internet Help-Seeking Juveniles with OCD: An Examination of Severity, Symptoms, Disability and Motivation13 February 2019 | Journal of Child and Family Studies, Vol. 28, No. 4Early intervention for obsessive compulsive disorder: An expert consensus statementEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 29, No. 4Schizotypy and smooth pursuit eye movements as potential endophenotypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder2 May 2018 | European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 269, No. 2Cognitive Therapy and Research, Vol. 43, No. 2Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 43Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol. 29, No. 1The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, Vol. 7, No. 2Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol. 12Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 10, Vol. 13, Vol. 148Advances in Radiation Oncology, Vol. 3, No. 1Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Vol. 57Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 95Molecular Psychiatry, Vol. 23, No. 5Early Intervention in Psychiatry, Vol. 12, No. 4Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Vol. 40, No. 4Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 9Predictors of comorbid eating disorders and association with other obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in trichotillomaniaComprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 78Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 56Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 207Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 14Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 15Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 79Behaviour Change, Vol. 34, No. 1Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 4Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 135, No. 4Psychophysiology, Vol. 54, No. 9Developmental Neuroimaging in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder13 July 2016 | Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, Vol. 3, No. 3Familial occurrence of tic disorder, anxiety and depression is associated with the clinical presentation of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescentsJournal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 9American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 171, No. 7Child Psychiatry & Human Development, Vol. 47, No. 1Tics and Tourette SyndromeContribution of Genetic Epidemiology to Our Understanding of Psychiatric DisordersJournal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 205Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 71Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, Vol. 249Psychiatry Research, Vol. 237Psychological Medicine, Vol. 46, No. 2Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, No. 1International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 19, No. 8Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, Vol. 8, No. 1Health Technology Assessment, Vol. 20, No. 43Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol. 7Psychology, Vol. 07, No. 02Social Anxiety and Emotion Regulation: A Model for Developmental Psychopathology Perspectives on Anxiety Disorders6 September 2015Web-based phenotyping for Tourette Syndrome: Reliability of common co-morbid diagnosesPsychiatry Research, Vol. 228, No. 3The Lancet Psychiatry, Vol. 2, No. 6Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 56Cigarette smoking in obsessive-compulsive disorder and unaffected parents of OCD patients15 April 2020 | European Psychiatry, Vol. 30, No. 1Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 187Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, Vol. 234, No. 3Psychiatry Research, Vol. 227, No. 1Twin Research and Human Genetics, Vol. 18, No. 1Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 5PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, No. 3PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, No. 6Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 3Conceptual issues in understanding comorbidity in ADHDAnnual Research Review: The neurobehavioral development of multiple memory systems - implications for childhood and adolescent psychiatric disorders29 November 2013 | Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol. 55, No. 6Wie biologisch sind Zwangsstörungen?Kindheit und Entwicklung, Vol. 23, No. 2DSM-5 Kommentar: Zwangsstörungen im DSM-5Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Vol. 42, No. 2American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 165, No. 2Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 31, No. 12Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 31, No. 12Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 31, No. 12Brain Structure and Function, Vol. 219, No. 5ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, Vol. 6, No. 3Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 55, No. 3Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 55, No. 7Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 55, No. 7Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 3, No. 4Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 3, No. 3Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 54Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Vol. 37, No. 3Psychological Medicine, Vol. 44, No. 1Psychological Medicine, Vol. 44, No. 7Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 15, No. 6Alcohol and Alcoholism, Vol. 49, No. 2PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, No. 1Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry, Vol. 3, No. 2Interaction of SLC1A1 gene variants and life stress on pharmacological resistance in obsessive–compulsive disorder10 July 2012 | The Pharmacogenomics Journal, Vol. 13, No. 5Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review for Nursing Professionals23 April 2013 | Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, Vol. 26, No. 2Anxiety and affective disorder comorbidity related to serotonin and other neurotransmitter systems: obsessive–compulsive disorder as an example of overlapping clinical and genetic heterogeneity5 April 2013 | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Vol. 368, No. 1615Neurobiology of schizo-obsessive disorderDepression and Anxiety, Vol. 30, No. 8Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 30, No. 1Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 30, No. 12Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, Vol. 50, No. 2, Vol. 112Behaviour Research and Therapy, Vol. 51, No. 12Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Vol. 2, No. 4Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 47, No. 8Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 47, No. 11Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 37, No. 6Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 43Psychiatry Research, Vol. 209, No. 2Psychiatry Research, Vol. 209, No. 2The Spanish Journal of Psychology, Vol. 16Pathologisches Horten und Sammeln als Erkrankung des Zwangsspektrums5 September 2012 | PSYCH up2date, Vol. 7, No. 01Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents4 December 2012The Netherlands Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Association (NOCDA) study: design and rationale of a longitudinal naturalistic study of the course of OCD and clinical characteristics of the sample at baseline12 November 2012 | International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, Vol. 21, No. 4Contribution of genetic epidemiology to our understanding of psychiatric disordersGenetic contributions to obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and OCD-related disordersGenetics of Tourette syndrome and related disordersError-Related Negativity and Tic History in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 51, No. 9Brain Imaging12 June 2012The Genetics of Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder: Current Status12 June 2012Neurocognitive Angle: The Search for Endophenotypes12 June 2012Approaches to Treatment Resistance12 June 2012Paediatric OCD: Developmental Aspects and Treatment Considerations12 June 2012Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)17 February 2012American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 159B, No. 1Human Brain Mapping, Vol. 33, No. 10European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 262, No. 7Journal of Neural Transmission, Vol. 119, No. 11, Vol. 106Tics and Tourette's SyndromeTroubles anxieuxBiological Psychiatry, Vol. 72, No. 8Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 51, No. 1Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 136, No. 3Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 139, No. 2Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, Vol. 201, No. 1Psychiatry Research, Vol. 196, No. 1Psychiatry Research, Vol. 200, No. 2-3Psychological Medicine, Vol. 42, No. 1Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 37, No. 12Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, Vol. 6, No. 1Clinical Practice, Vol. 9, No. 2Neuropsychiatry, Vol. 2, No. 4Postgraduate Medicine, Vol. 124, No. 1Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents1 April 2022 | Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 13, No. 4Adultmodels of anxiety and their application to children and adolescentsObsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: a Comorbidity and Family History Perspective1 April 2011 | Australasian Psychiatry, Vol. 19, No. 2Die Zwangsstörung - Krankheitsbild, Diagnostik und TherapieZeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Vol. 57, No. 1American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 156, No. 1American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 156, No. 4American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 156, No. 5Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 28, No. 5Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 28, No. 6Human Brain Mapping, Vol. 32, No. 7Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 67, No. 5Obsessive–Compulsive DisorderDer Nervenarzt, Vol. 82, No. 3Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 46, No. 4Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, Vol. 40, No. 2Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 52, No. 2Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 31, No. 7Pediatric Clinics of North America, Vol. 58, No. 1Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Vol. 39, No. 5The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 14, No. 05Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 21, No. 2Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol. 52, No. 9Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol. 52, No. 4Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 124, No. 2Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 65, No. 4Evidence-Based Pharmacotherapy for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Chronic Tic Disorders1 June 2011 | Journal of Central Nervous System Disease, Vol. 3Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 22, No. 2Functional imaging of obsessive–compulsive disorderQuetiapine: novel uses in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders27 August 2010 | Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, Vol. 19, No. 10Challenges in diagnosing pathological anxietyUnderstanding the causes of anxietyThe genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review1 April 2022 | Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 12, No. 2Translational neuroimaging research in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder1 April 2022 | Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 12, No. 2Glutamate and the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychopharm Review, Vol. 45, No. 5Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 27, No. 6Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 27, No. 6European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 19, No. 3European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 19, No. 8Child & Youth Care Forum, Vol. 39, No. 2Brain Imaging and Behavior, Vol. 4, No. 1Neuropraxis, Vol. 14, No. 2Tics and Tourette SyndromeAnnales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique, Vol. 168, No. 2Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care, Vol. 40, No. 4Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, Vol. 41, No. 3Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Vol. 33, No. 1Psychiatry Research, Vol. 178, No. 2Psychiatry Research, Vol. 177, No. 1-2Nature Medicine, Vol. 16, No. 5Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 20, No. 4Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, Vol. 74, No. 2Predictors of Early Adult Outcomes in Pediatric-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder1 October 2009 | Pediatrics, Vol. 124, No. 4Parental Experiences of Having a Child with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Associations with Clinical Characteristics and Caregiver Adjustment1 August 2008 | Journal of Child and Family Studies, Vol. 18, No. 3Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Evidence-Based Treatments1 May 2009 | The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 54, No. 5Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits and personality dimensions in parents of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder16 April 2020 | European Psychiatry, Vol. 24, No. 3Symptom dimensions and subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a developmental perspective1 April 2022 | Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 11, No. 1Comparative Study of Children With ADHD Only, Autism Spectrum Disorder + ADHD, and Chronic Multiple Tic Disorder + ADHD1 March 2009 | Journal of Attention Disorders, Vol. 12, No. 5Disturbances of fronto-striatal circuits in Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorderAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 150B, No. 1American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 150B, No. 5American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 150B, No. 6American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 150B, No. 8Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 26, No. 11Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 26, No. 11, Vol. 23Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, Vol. 31, No. 2Brain Imaging and Behavior, Vol. 3, No. 1OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERSSCHIZOPHRENIA, PHOBIAS, AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERBiological Psychiatry, Vol. 66, No. 7Behaviour Research and Therapy, Vol. 47, No. 2Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 50, No. 1General Hospital Psychiatry, Vol. 31, No. 2Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Vol. 23, No. 1Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Vol. 23, No. 5Journal of Psychosomatic Research, Vol. 67, No. 6Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 33, No. 6Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, Vol. 172, No. 2Psychiatry Research, Vol. 170, No. 1Psychiatry Research, Vol. 170, No. 1Epilepsy & Behavior, Vol. 14, No. 4Psychological Medicine, Vol. 39, No. 9Psychological Medicine, Vol. 39, No. 12CNS Spectrums, Vol. 14, No. 7Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Vol. 37, No. 5Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 19, No. 6Journal of Clinical Investigation, Vol. 119, No. 4Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, Vol. 9, No. 2Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, Vol. 9, No. 8Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Vol. 31, No. 4White Matter Abnormalities in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Their First-Degree RelativesLara Menzies, Ph.D.Guy B. Williams, Ph.D.Samuel R. Chamberlain, Ph.D.Cinly Ooi, Ph.D.Naomi Fineberg, M.B.John Suckling, Ph.D.Barbara J. Sahakian, Ph.D.Trevor W. Robbins, Ph.D., F.R.S.Ed T. Bullmore, M.B., F.Med.Sci., Ph.D.1 October 2008 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 165, No. 10Anxiety disordersTrastorno obsesivo compulsivo: influencia de la edad de inicio en el tipo de enfermedades coexistentes12 May 2020 | European psychiatry (Ed. Española), Vol. 15, No. 6Orbitofrontal Dysfunction in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Their Unaffected RelativesScience, Vol. 321, No. 5887Zwangsstörungen bei Kindern und JugendlichenPraxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, Vol. 57, No. 6Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Issues Pertinent to Women1 July 2008 | Women's Health, Vol. 4, No. 4Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Influence of Age at Onset on Comorbidity Patterns7 March 2008 | European Psychiatry, Vol. 23, No. 3SERT Ileu425Val in autism, Asperger syndrome and obsessive–compulsive disorderPsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 18, No. 1American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 147B, No. 6American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 147B, No. 6American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics, Vol. 148C, No. 2Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 25, No. 2Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 25, No. 9Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 25, No. 4Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine: A Journal of Translational and Personalized Medicine, Vol. 75, No. 3European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 258, No. 2Journal of Neural Transmission, Vol. 115, No. 7European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 17, No. 1Behavior Genetics, Vol. 38, No. 2OCD and OCD-Related Disorders, Vol. 17Biological Psychology, Vol. 79, No. 1Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 28, No. 1Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 107, No. 1-3Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 111, No. 1Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Vol. 22, No. 3Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Vol. 22, No. 6Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 42, No. 4Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 42, No. 13Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Vol. 32, No. 3Neuroscience Letters, Vol. 435, No. 1NeuroImage, Vol. 42, No. 1Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 32, No. 1Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 32, No. 3Psychiatry Research, Vol. 158, No. 2Psychiatry Research, Vol. 160, No. 2Psychiatry Research, Vol. 160, No. 1Development and Psychopathology, Vol. 20, No. 4CNS Spectrums, Vol. 13, No. 5CNS Spectrums, Vol. 13, No. 12CNS Spectrums, Vol. 13, No. S14CNS Spectrums, Vol. 13, No. S14Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, Vol. 36, No. 4The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 11, No. 01Genetische Befunde bei Zwangsstörungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter und bei ErwachsenenZeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Vol. 36, No. 1International Review of Psychiatry, Vol. 20, No. 2Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 47, No. 10Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 47, No. 11Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 118, No. 2Psychopathology, Vol. 41, No. 2Psychopathology, Vol. 41, No. 3BMC Medical Genomics, Vol. 1, No. 1British Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 192, No. 1Twin Research and Human Genetics, Vol. 11, No. 3Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, Vol. 8, No. 8School Psychologists' Views and Management of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents24 July 2016 | Canadian Journal of School Psychology, Vol. 22, No. 2Transmission disequilibrium analysis of the functional 5-HT 3A receptor variant C178T in early-onset obsessive—compulsive disorder2 July 2016 | Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 21, No. 8Family Accommodation in Pediatric Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder11 August 2010 | Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, Vol. 36, No. 2Significant Linkage to Compulsive Hoarding on Chromosome 14 in Families With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Results From the OCD Collaborative Genetics StudyJack Samuels, Ph.D.Yin Yao Shugart, Ph.D.Marco A. Grados, M.D.Virginia L. Willour, Ph.D.O. Joseph Bienvenu, M.D., Ph.D.Benjamin D. Greenberg, M.D., Ph.D.James A. Knowles, M.D., Ph.D.James T. McCracken, M.D.Scott L. Rauch, M.D.Dennis L. Murphy, M.D.Ying Wang, M.S.Anthony Pinto, Ph.D.Abby J. Fyer, M.D.John Piacentini, Ph.D.David L. Pauls, Ph.D.Bernadette Cullen, M.D.Steven A. Rasmussen, M.D.Rudolf Hoehn-Saric, M.D.David Valle, M.D.Kung-Yee Liang, Ph.D.Mark A. Riddle, M.D.Gerald Nestadt, M.B., B.Ch.1 March 2007 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 164, No. 3American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Vol. 144B, No. 4Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 42, No. 8Psychopharmacology, Vol. 191, No. 1European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 16, No. 6Child Psychiatry and Human Development, Vol. 38, No. 4Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Vol. 37, No. 2Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 3Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 3Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 3Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 5Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 3Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 3Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 12Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 61, No. 3Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 62, No. 8Behaviour Research and Therapy, Vol. 45, No. 4Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol. 48, No. 5Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 102, No. 1-3Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 41, No. 3-4Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 31, No. 3Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, Vol. 155, No. 3Psychological Medicine, Vol. 37, No. 11CNS Spectrums, Vol. 12, No. S3CNS Spectrums, Vol. 12, No. S3CNS Spectrums, Vol. 12, No. 5Phänomenologie und Komorbidität der Zwangsstörung bei Kindern und JugendlichenZeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Vol. 35, No. 1Epidemiologie, Familiarität und Genetik der ZwangsstörungZeitschrift für Psychiatrie, Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Vol. 55, No. 4Issues in Mental Health Nursing, Vol. 28, No. 6The American Journal of Human Genetics, Vol. 80, No. 2Brain, Vol. 130, No. 12Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Vol. 0, No. 0Journal of Family Psychotherapy, Vol. 17, No. 3-4Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, Vol. 7, No. 8Revista Latinoamericana de Psicopatologia Fundamental, Vol. 10, No. 1Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, Vol. 65, No. 4aRelapse Following Successful Intensive Treatment of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder24 July 2016 | Clinical Case Studies, Vol. 5, No. 6Familiality of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Nonclinical and Clinical SubjectsHans Joergen Grabe, M.D.Stephan Ruhrmann, M.D.Susan Ettelt, Ph.D.Friederike Buhtz, Ph.D.Andrea Hochrein, Ph.D.Svenja Schulze-Rauschenbach, Ph.D.Klaus Meyer, M.D.Susanne Kraft, Ph.D.Claudia Reck, M.D.Ralf Pukrop, Ph.D., Sc.M.D.Harald J. Freyberger, M.D.Joachim Klosterkötter, M.D.Peter Falkai, M.D.Ulrich John, Ph.D.Wolfgang Maier, M.D.Michael Wagner, Ph.D.1 November 2006 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 163, No. 11Chronic tics and Tourette syndrome in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorderJournal of Psychiatric Research, Vol. 40, No. 6The role of clinical phenotypes in understanding the genetics of obsessive–compulsive disorderJournal of Psychosomatic Research, Vol. 61, No. 3Anxiety Disorders15 July
Referência(s)