Validación del Índice de Valoración de Salud Oral en Geriatría en una población geriátrica institucionalizada de Granada
1999; Elsevier BV; Volume: 34; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
1578-1747
AutoresSandra Pinzón-Pulido, José Antonio Gil Montoya,
Tópico(s)Aging, Health, and Disability
ResumoespanolOBJETIVO: Validar el Indice de Valoracion de Salud Oral en Geriatria en ancianos institucionalizados en poblacion espanola. METODOS: Se selecciono una muestra de 100 individuos en cuatro residencias de Granada, con criterios de inclusion (>= 60 anos, hispanoparlante e institucionalizado) y exclusion (discapacidad cognitiva o verbal). Se estudio la validez de contenido con validacion bibliografica, de expertos y adaptacion transcultural; la validez de construccion mediante analisis factorial e identificacion de asociaciones con variables clinicas y sociodemograficas y la validez de criterio comparando con necesidad de atencion por un odontologo determinada mediante examen clinico completo. Se estimo la consistencia interna con el coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach. RESULTADOS: La validez de contenido resulto satisfactoria. Se confirmo la estructura factorial de la escala original. Los factores identificados fueron: funcion fisica, psicosocial y dolor. Existe asociacion con la motivacion hacia higiene oral (p= 0,020). La asociacion con variables sociodemograficas y clinicas no alcanza significacion estadistica. Se recomienda el punto de corte en 57 puntos (sensibilidad= 74,4%; especificidad= 90%). El coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach fue 0,8639. CONCLUSIONES: El Indice de Valoracion de Salud Oral en Geriatria no reemplaza el examen dental. Puede utilizarse como screening para determinar derivacion a consulta odontologica, con solo 10% de falsos positivos. Por su asociacion con motivacion hacia higiene oral puede utilizarse en planificacion de programas de promocion y prevencion en odontologia, dirigidos a poblacion de alto riesgo. EnglishOBJECTIVE: Validate the Assessment Index of Oral Health in Geriatrics in institutionalized elderly patients in the Spanish population. METHODS: A sample of 100 subjects from 4 residences in Granada were chosen with the inclusion criteria (>= 60 years, Spanish-speaking and institutionalized) and exclusion criteria (cognitive or verbal discapacity). The validity of the content was studied with validation through bibliography, experts and transcultural adaptation. The validity of the construction was studied by factorial analysis and identification of associations with clinical and sociodemographic variables and the validity of criterion, comparing it with the care needs by a certain odontologist through a complete clinical examination. The internal consistence was estimated with the Cronbach Alpha coefficient. RESULTS: The content validity was satisfactory. The factorial structure of the original scale was verified. The factors identified were: physical and psychosocial function and pain . There is an association with motivation toward oral hygiene (p= 0.020). The association with sociodemographic and clinical variables did not reach statistical significance. A cut off point of 57 points (sensitivity= 74.4%; specificity= 90%) is recommended. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient was 0.8639. CONCLUSIONS: The Oral Health Assessment Index in Geriatrics does not replace the dental examination. It can be used as screening to determine the derivation to an ondontologist''s consultation, with only 10% false positive values. Due to its association with motivation towards oral hygiene, it can be used in planning odontologic promotion and prevention programs directed at a high risk population.
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