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THE CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF GENE-CONTROLLED PIGMENTS IN PLATYPOECILUS AND XIPHOPHORUS AND COMPARISONS WITH OTHER TROPICAL FISH

1941; Oxford University Press; Volume: 26; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/genetics/26.6.573

1943-2631

H. B. Goodrich, Gordon A. Hill, Myron S. Arrick,

Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth

HIS paper presents a study of the pigments and cells that produce T the red, yellow, and orange colors in certain fish with special reference to those cases where genetic analyses have been made of color inheritance.The following is the list of species which we have studied: Platypoecilus maculatus and Xiphophorus helleri (the swordtail) of the family Poecilidae, Oryzias (Aplocheilus) latipes (the Medaka) of the family Cyprinodontidae, and four species of the Family Osphronemidae : Macropodus opercularis L. (the paradise fish), Colisa lalia (dwarf gourami), Colisa fasciata (striped gourami), and Betta splertdens (Siamese fighting fish).The classification is summarized in table 3.All pigments studied are intracellular, being carried by chromatophores which are located in the dermis.The types of chromatophores with which we are especially concerned are the yellow cells, or xanthophores, the red cells, or erythrophores, and a type designated as the xantho-erythrophores (fig.I) which contain two sharply distinguishable pigments.The xanthophores and erythrophores integrade in species of the family Osphronemidae so that cells of intermediate color may be seen.In these cases, however, the color is uniform throughout the cell, making them quite different from the xan tho-erythrophores. PLATYPOECILUS AND XIPHOPHORUSThese two closely related Mexican fish have been the subject of extensive genetic studies by various authors, especially by BELLAMY, GORDGN, ROSSWIG, and BREIDER.GORDON (1931GORDON ( , 1937) may be consulted for the bibliography of the genetics of these fish.Our studies indicate that the pigments zeaxanthin and lutein produce the yellow color in these fish and that the red is due to erythopterin.BEL-LAMY (1924,1928,1g33), FRASER and GORDON (1929), and GORDON (1937") find that in Platypoecilus the factor for red R is sex-linked and the female is the heterogametic sex.Red crossed with gold (FRASER and GORDON 1929) gives typical sex-linked ratios of ZW type with red dominant to gold.The situation for our purposes, however, is more accurately stated