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Food Consumption and its Impact on Cardiovascular Disease: Importance of Solutions Focused on the Globalized Food System

2015; Elsevier BV; Volume: 66; Issue: 14 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.050

1558-3597

Sonia S. Anand, Corinna Hawkes, Russell J. de Souza, Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Rachel Nugent, Michael A. Zulyniak, Tony Weis, Adam Bernstein, Ronald M. Krauss, Daan Kromhout, David J.A. Jenkins, Vasanti Malik, Miguel Ángel Martínez‐González, Dariush Mozaffarian, Salim Yusuf, Walter C. Willett, Barry M. Popkin,

Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling

Major scholars in the field, on the basis of a 3-day consensus, created an in-depth review of current knowledge on the role of diet in cardiovascular disease (CVD), the changing global food system and global dietary patterns, and potential policy solutions. Evidence from different countries and age/race/ethnicity/socioeconomic groups suggesting the health effects studies of foods, macronutrients, and dietary patterns on CVD appear to be far more consistent though regional knowledge gaps is highlighted. Large gaps in knowledge about the association of macronutrients to CVD in low- and middle-income countries particularly linked with dietary patterns are reviewed. Our understanding of foods and macronutrients in relationship to CVD is broadly clear; however, major gaps exist both in dietary pattern research and ways to change diets and food systems. On the basis of the current evidence, the traditional Mediterranean-type diet, including plant foods and emphasis on plant protein sources provides a well-tested healthy dietary pattern to reduce CVD.