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Executive summary of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure: The Task Force on Acute Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology

2005; Oxford University Press; Volume: 26; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/eurheartj/ehi044

1522-9645

Markku S. Nieminen, Michael Böhm, Martín Cowie, Helmut Drexler, Gerasimos S Filippatos, Guillaume Jondeau, Yonathan Hasin, José Lopez-Sendon, Alexandre Mebazaa, Marco Metra, Andrew Rhodes, Karl Swedberg, Silvia G. Priori, María Ángeles Alonso García, Jean‐Jacques Blanc, Andrzej Budaj, Martín Cowie, Verónica Dean, Jaap W. Deckers, Enrique Fernández Burgos, John Lekakis, Bertil Lindahl, Gianfranco Mazzotta, João Morais, Ali̇ Oto, Otto A. Smiseth, María Ángeles Alonso García, Kenneth Dickstein, Aníbal Albuquerque, Pedro Conthe, María G. Crespo‐Leiro, Roberto Ferrari, Ferenc Folláth, Antonello Gavazzi, Uwe Janssens, Michel Komajda, João Morais, Rui P. Moreno, Mervyn Singer, S. C. Singh, Michał Tendera, Kristian Thygesen,

Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes

à Use of Class III is discouraged by the ESC. Levels of EvidenceLevel of Evidence A Data derived from multiple randomized clinical trials or meta-analyses Level of Evidence B Data derived from a single randomized clinical trial or large nonrandomized studies Level of Evidence C Consensus of opinion of the experts and/or small studies; retrospective studies and registriesFigure 1 Clinical classification of the mode of heart failure (Forrester classification).H I-IV refers to haemodynamic severity, with reference figures for CI and pulmonary capillary pressures shown on the vertical and horizontal axes, respectively.C I-IV refers to clinical severity.