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Hepatitis A seroprevalence in preschool children in Assis Brazil, Acre, Brazil, in 2003 and 2010

2015; Oxford University Press; Volume: 8; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/inthealth/ihv041

1876-3413

Thasciany Moraes Pereira, Saulo Augusto Silva Mantovani, Fernando Luiz Cunha Castelo Branco, Athos M. Braña, Humberto Oliart-Guzmán, Breno Matos Delfino, Antônio Camargo Martins, Thiago S. Araújo, Cristieli S. M. Oliveira, Pascoal T. Muniz, Mônica da Silva-Nunes,

Hepatitis B Virus Studies

The Amazon region has the highest seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Brazil. In the present study, the seroprevalence of total HAV antibodies in two groups, composed of 147 and 254 children between 1 and 5 years old in Assis Brasil, Acre, was measured in 2003 and 2010, respectively, and compared with socio-economic changes in the city. In 2003, the HAV seroprevalence rate was 26.5%, while in 2010, it was 22.4%. There was an overall improvement in socio-economic and sanitary conditions, with the exception of open sewage. In 2003, factors associated with positive serology were child age (aOR [adjusted odds ratio] 1.84; 95% CI: 1.28–2.64), having a latrine or not having a toilet at home (aOR 4.73; 95% CI: 1.06–21.17) and the treatment of drinking water with chlorine (aOR 0.26; 95% CI: 0.07–0.92). In 2010, the main factors associated with positive serology were using rivers, streams and rainwater as sources of water for domestic purposes (aOR 24.36; 95% CI: 3.69–160.85); having a wooden or ground floor at home (OR 2.51; 95% CI: 1.11–5.69) and child age (aOR 2.33; 95% CI: 1.66–3.28). In the Brazilian Amazon, sanitation and water treatment still require improvement and socio-economic development is warranted in order to decrease hepatitis A transmission.