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The extract of the jellyfish Phyllorhiza punctata promotes neurotoxic effects

2011; Wiley; Volume: 31; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/jat.1620

1099-1263

Raquel Felipe Vasconcelos Carneiro, Nilberto Robson Falcão do Nascimento, Paula Priscila Correia Costa, Victor Martins Gomes, Alex Jardelino Felizardo de Souza, Simone Cristina Buzzo de Oliveira, Eduardo Britto dos Santos Diz Filho, Fernando José Zara, Manassés Claudino Fonteles, Daniela de Oliveira Toyama, Marcos Hikari Toyama, Cláudia Ferreira Santos,

Marine Sponges and Natural Products

Phyllorhiza punctata (P. punctata) is a jellyfish native to the southwestern Pacific. Herewith we present the biochemical and pharmacological characterization of an extract of the tentacles of P. punctata. The tentacles were subjected to three freeze-thaw cycles, homogenized, ultrafiltered, precipitated, centrifuged and lyophilized to obtain a crude extract (PHY-N). Paralytic shellfish poisoning compounds such as saxitoxin, gonyautoxin-4, tetrodotoxin and brevetoxin-2, as well as several secretory phospholipase A(2) were identified. PHY-N was tested on autonomic and somatic neuromuscular preparations. In mouse vas deferens, PHY-N induced phasic contractions that reached a peak of 234 ± 34.7% of control twitch height, which were blocked with either 100 μ m of phentolamine or 1 m m of lidocaine. In mouse corpora cavernosa, PHY-N evoked a relaxation response, which was blocked with either L-N(G) -Nitroarginine methyl ester (0.5 m m) or 1 m m of lidocaine. PHY-N (1, 3 and 10 μg ml(-1) ) induced an increase in tonus of the biventer-cervicis neuromuscular preparation that was blocked with pre-treatment of galamine (10 μ m). Administration of 6 mg kg(-1) PHY-N intramuscularly produced death in broilers by spastic paralysis. In conclusion, PHY-N induces nerve depolarization and nonspecifically increases neurotransmitter release.