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Positive patch test reactions to oxidized limonene: exposure and relevance

2014; Wiley; Volume: 71; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/cod.12285

1600-0536

Johanna Bråred Christensson, Klaus E. Andersen, M. Bruze, Jeanne D. Johansen, Begoña García‐Bravo, Ana Giménez Arnau, Chee‐Leok Goh, Rosemary Nixon, Ian R. White,

Dermatology and Skin Diseases

Summary Background R ‐Limonene is a common fragrance terpene found in domestic and industrial products. R ‐ L imonene autoxidizes on air exposure, and the oxidation products can cause contact allergy. In a recent multicentre study, 5.2% (range 2.3–12.1%) of 2900 patients showed a positive patch test reaction to oxidized R ‐limonene. Objective To study the exposure to limonene among consecutive dermatitis patients reacting to oxidized R ‐limonene in an international setting, and to assess the relevance of the exposure for the patients' dermatitis. Methods Oxidized R ‐limonene 3.0% (containing limonene hydroperoxides at 0.33%) in petrolatum was tested in 2900 consecutive dermatitis patients in A ustralia, D enmark, the U nited K ingdom, S ingapore, S pain, and S weden. A questionnaire assessing exposure to limonene‐containing products was completed. Results Overall, exposure to products containing limonene was found and assessed as being probably relevant for the patients' dermatitis in 36% of the limonene‐allergic patients. In B arcelona and C openhagen, > 70% of the patients were judged to have had an exposure to limonene assessed as relevant. Conclusions Oxidized R ‐limonene is a common fragrance allergen, and limonene was frequently found in the labelling on the patients' products, and assessed as relevant for the patients' dermatitis. A large number of domestic and occupational sources for contact with R ‐limonene were identified.