Produção Nacional
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE CLAREIRAS EM ÁREAS DE MANGUEZAL NA BAÍA DE TURIAÇU, AMAZÔNIA COSTEIRA MARANHENSE
2011; UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO MARANHÃO; Volume: 24; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
1981-6421
AutoresFlávia Rebelo Mochel, Flávia Rejane Façanha Oliveira,
Tópico(s)Coastal and Marine Dynamics
ResumoO estudo da dinâmica florestal e da formacao de clareiras no manguezal e um projeto de longo prazo, conduzido na Baia de Turiacu, Amazonia costeira maranhense. Propoe-se analisar algumas questoes como o que acontece ao ecossistema manguezal apos a queda de grandes arvores, sua recuperacao ou substituicao por outros sistemas ecologicos. Foi estabelida uma parcela de 100 m x 50 m (0,5 ha) num perfil perpendicular a costa. Os resultados referem-se a caracterizacao das clareiras nos primeiros 3 anos de monitoramento. A parcela apresentou um bosque misto, maduro, com altura media de 22 metros. Foram encontradas 2 clareiras, de forma quase circular, com comprimento de cerca de 20 metros, formadas pela queda de Rhizophora mangle, Linnaeus, 1753. As bordas das clareiras, constituidas por R. mangle L.e Avicennia germinans (L) Stearn 1958, caracterizam-se por uma zona de perturbacao com parte das arvores inclinadas na direcao do eixo de queda da arvore principal e porcentagem elevada de herbivoria. A complexidade das clareiras no manguezal e observada pela co-existencia de fases distintas, como a fase clareira, propriamente dita, a fase madura (decomposicao acelerada dos troncos caidos) e a fase de recuperacao (ocorrencia de inflorescencias e de numerosas arvoretas). Palavras-chave: manguezal, dinâmica de clareiras, Amazonia costeira. ABSTRACT Characteristics of gaps in mangrove forests from baia de Turiacu, Amazonian coast of Brazil. The study of gap formation in the Amazonian coastal area of Maranhao State, Brazil, is a long-term program which deals with questions as: what happens with the mangrove ecosystem after big trees falling down? Can the mangrove recover from the gap to the original stand or would it change in composition and/or structure? Can the mangrove recover keeping the mangrove ecosystem or it could change to other systems? How many trees can be removed from the system without committing the whole ecosystem? The results presented in this paper refer to the characterization of gaps in a mangrove forest in the Amazonian coastal area for the first 3 years (2000-2002). A plot of 100m x 50 m was established and in a transect from the coast to inland. We evaluated the changes on mangrove ecosystem from the impact of fallen trees in mature stands with average tree height of 22 meters. It was found 2 gaps inside the plot, with 20 m an average length occur in the gap margins Rhizophora mangle Linnaeus, 1753 and Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn 1958 and this is a zone of high disturbance with some trees affected and broken and also high herbivory percentage. Within the mangrove gaps are complexes showing, at the same time, different phases: the gap phase itself, the mature (fast decomposition) and recovering phases (presence of flowers, seedlings and saplings). The main natural disturbances inside the stand are heavy storms during the rainy season (from January to July), high wind intensity and frequency during the dry, monsoon, season (from August to December), Key words: mangrove dynamics, mangrove gaps, gap dynamics, Amazonian coast.
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