Whose Rights, Which Rights? – The United Nations, the Vatican, Gender and Sexual and Reproductive Rights
2014; Wiley; Volume: 55; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/heyj.12205
ISSN1468-2265
Autores Tópico(s)Reproductive Health and Technologies
ResumoThe Heythrop JournalVolume 55, Issue 6 p. 1080-1090 ARTICLE Whose Rights, Which Rights? – The United Nations, the Vatican, Gender and Sexual and Reproductive Rights Tina Beattie, Tina Beattie University of Roehampton, LondonSearch for more papers by this author Tina Beattie, Tina Beattie University of Roehampton, LondonSearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 July 2014 https://doi.org/10.1111/heyj.12205Citations: 3Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Notes 1See Antonio Spadaro, S.J., ' A Big Heart Open to God', The exclusive interview with Pope Francis, in America, 30 September, 2013 at http://www.americamagazine.org/pope-interview [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 2The Holy See has a Permanent Observer Mission to the United Nations, meaning that it is a member state but does not have a vote. The State of Palestine is the only other such member. Strictly speaking, the Holy See is distinct from the Vatican and the Catholic Church as a whole. However, these are not sharp distinctions and I use the terms interchangeably in what follows, except when referring specifically to the Holy See's status in the UN. 3Richard G. Parker, 'Sexual Rights: Concepts and Action', Health and Human Rights, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2nd International Conference on Health and Human Rights (1997), pp. 31– 37, p. 34. 4Ibid., p. 32. 5Sonia Corrêa, 'From Reproductive Health to Sexual Rights: Achievements and Future Challenges', Reproductive Health Matters, Vol. 5, No. 10, The International Women's Health Movement (November 1997), pp. 107– 116, p. 108. 6Françoise Girard, ' Negotiating sexual rights and sexual orientation at the UN' in Richard Parker, Rosalind Petchesky and Robert Sember (eds) SexPolitics: Reports from the Frontlines, Sexuality Policy Watch, pp. 311– 358, p. 322, at http://www.sxpolitics.org/frontlines/home/index.php [accessed 7 June 2015]. This undated e-book comprises a collection of documents based on research carried out between 2004 and 2007 on sexuality and politics in Brazil, Egypt, India, Peru, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, Vietnam, the United Nations and the World Bank. 7See Barbara Crossette, 'Vatican Holds Up Abortion Debate at Talks in Cairo', The New York Times, September 8, 1994 at http://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/08/world/vatican-holds-up-abortion-debate-at-talks-in-cairo.html [accessed 8 June, 2014]. 8Julian L. Simon, ' The Politics of Population and the Cairo Conference' (22 September 1994). This article first appeared in the New York Times before the Cairo conference. The updated version I refer to here is posted on Simon's website: www.juliansimon.com/writings/Articles/POPNAM.txt [accessed 9 June, 2014]. 9Rosalind Petchesky, 'From Population Control to Reproductive Rights: Feminist Fault Lines', Reproductive Health Matters, No. 6 (November 1995), pp. 152– 161, p. 152. The Programme of Action is available at the UNFPA website: https://www.unfpa.org/public/icpd [accessed 30 May 2014]. 10Petchesky, ibid., p. 153. 11Ibid., p. 154. 12Ibid. 13George Weigel, 'What Really Happened at Cairo', First Things, February 1995, at http://www.firstthings.com/article/1995/02/002-what-really-happened-at-cairo [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 14Girard, ' Negotiating Sexual Rights', p. 332, quoting from an interview with Petchesky. 15Cf. Pope John Paul II, ' Letter of His Holiness John Paul II to Mrs. Gertrude Mongella, Secretary General of the Fourth World Conference on Women of the United Nations' at http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/letters/1995/documents/hf_jp-ii_let_19950526_mongella-pechino_en.html [accessed 16 June, 2014]; ' Letter of Pope John Paul II to Women', 29 June, 1995 at http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/letters/documents/hf_jp-ii_let_29061995_women_en.html [accessed 16 June, 2014]. See also Tina Beattie, ' The End of Woman: Gender, God and Rights Beyond Modernity' in Patrick Claffey and Joseph Egan (eds), Movement or Moment?: Assessing Liberation Theology Forty Years after Medellín (Oxford, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt am Main, New York, Wien: Peter Lang, 2009), pp. 161– 181. 16Annabel Miller, 'The Holy See in the Public Square', The Tablet, 23rd September, 1995, pp. 4– 6, p. 4. 17Girard, ' Negotiating Sexual Rights', p. 335. 18Ibid. 19 United Nations, Report on the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, 4–15 September 1995, Section IV C, 'Women and Health' at http://www.un.org/esa/gopher-data/conf/fwcw/off/a–20.en [accessed 8 June 2015]. 20Corrêa, ' From Reproductive Health to Sexual Rights', p. 109. 21See written statement submitted by the Holy See, United Nations, Report on the Fourth World Conference on Women, Beijing, 4–15 September 1995 at http://www.un.org/esa/gopher-data/conf/fwcw/off/a–20.en [accessed 8 June 2014]. 22Judith Butler, Undoing Gender (London and New York: Routledge, 2004), p. 182, quoted in Girard, ' Negotiating Sexual Rights', p. 335– 336. 23Doris Buss and Didi Herman, Globalizing Family Values: The Christian Right in International Politics (Minneapolis MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2003), p. xiv. 24Ibid., pp. xxx. 25Ibid., pp. xv. 26Jane Adolphe, 'New Challenges for Catholic-Inspired NGOs in Light of Caritas in Veritate', The Catholic Social Science Review 16 (2011), pp. 181– 193, p. 181. 27Ibid., p. 181. 28D. Brian Scarnecchia, JD and Terrence McKeegan, JD, The Millennium Development Goals In Light of Catholic Social Teaching (New York: Catholic Family and Human Rights Institute, 2009). 29See the website at http://www.ishri.net/about.html [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 30See the website at http://c-fam.org/en/ [accessed 7 June, 2014]. 31Buss and Hermann, Globalizing Family Values, p. 36. 32Scarnecchia and McKeegan, The Millennium Development Goals, p. 2. 33Ibid., p. 37, quoting Archbishop Celestino Migliore, Follow-up to the Outcome of the Millennium Summit, October 9, 2003. 34Scarnecchia and McKeegan, ibid., p. 42. 35Ibid, quoting Marguerite Peeters, Globalization of the Western Cultural Revolution: Key-Concepts, Operational Mechanisms, trans. Benedict Kobus (EU, Institute for Intercultural Dialogue Dynamics, 2007), p. 64. 36Scarnecchia and McKeegan, ibid., p. 43. 37Ibid., p. 46, n. 165 (italics as given). 38Ibid., p. 48. 39Ibid., p. 49. 40Ibid., p. 50, quoting John Paul II, Address to the Committee of European Journalists for the Rights of the Child (January 13, 1979): L'Osservatore Romano, English ed., January 22, 1979, p. 5 (emphasis added by authors). 41Scarnecchia and McKeegan, ibid., p. 52. 42Ibid., p. 55. 43See World Health Organisation, ' Sexual and Reproductive Health' website, http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/unsafe_abortion/magnitude/en/ [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 44See Tina Beattie, 'Catholicism, Choice and Consciousness: A Feminist Theological Perspective on Abortion', International Journal of Public Theology, Vol. 4, No. 1 (2010), pp. 51– 75. 45Space precludes a discussion of population growth here, though it is widely predicted that the global population will stabilize at between 9 and 10 billion in the next fifty years. See Hans Rosling's fascinating TED talk, 'Global Population Growth, Box by Box', at https://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_on_global_population_growth [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 46Renate Klein, ' Reflections on Cairo: Empowerment Rhetoric – but who will pay the price?', at http://www.finrrage.org/pdf_files/Reflections_on_Cairo_Renate_Klein.pdf [accessed 8 June, 2014]. 47Petchesky, 'From Population Control to Reproductive Rights', p. 156. 48Wendy Harcourt, The Global Women's Rights Movement: Power Politics around the United Nations and the World Social Forum, Civil Society and Social Movements, Programme Paper Number 25, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (August 2006), p. 15, available to download at http://www.glow-boell.de/media/de/txt_rubrik_3/neuerscheinungHarcourt.pdf [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 49Ibid., p. 16. 50Cf. ibid. 51See 'The "See Change" Campaign' organised by 'Catholics for Choice' at http://www.catholicsforchoice.org/campaigns/AbouttheSeeChangeCampaign.asp [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 52Pope Paul VI, Humanae Vitae, Encyclical Letter, 25 July, 1968 at http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/paul_vi/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-vi_enc_25071968_humanae-vitae_en.html [accessed 17 June, 2014]. 53 CAFOD, Setting the post-2015 development compass: voices from the ground, 2014, p. 21, available to download from the CAFOD website: http://www.cafod.org.uk/Policy/Post-MDGs [accessed 16 June, 2014]. 54Pope Francis, Evangelii Gaudium, Apostolic Exhortation, 24 November, 2013, paragraph 49 at http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/francesco/apost_exhortations/documents/papa-francesco_esortazione-ap_20131124_evangelii-gaudium_en.html [accessed 16 June, 2014]. Citing Literature Volume55, Issue6Special Issue: FAITH, FAMILY AND FERTILITYNovember 2014Pages 1080-1090 ReferencesRelatedInformation
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