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Central Nervous System Control of Nutrient Homeostasis

1986; Wiley; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/cphy.cp010407

2040-4603

Stephen C. Woods, Gerald J. Taborsky, Daniel Porte,

Adipose Tissue and Metabolism

The sections in this article are: 1 Central Nervous System Control of Food Intake and Body Weight 1.1 History 1.2 Set-Point Hypothesis 1.3 Control of Food Intake 1.4 Neuropeptides as Satiety Factors 1.5 Neuropeptides That Increase Meal Size 1.6 Central Neural Circuits and Aminergic Transmitters 1.6.1 Norepinephrine 1.6.2 Dopamine 1.6.3 Serotonin 1.6.4 Acetylcholine 1.6.5 γ-Aminobutyric Acid 1.7 Afferent Inputs to Hypothalamus Related to Feeding 1.7.1 Chemosenses 1.7.2 Visceral Inputs 1.7.3 Other Sensory Inputs 2 Central Nervous System Control of Glucose Homeostasis 2.1 Overview 2.2 Overnight Fast 2.3 Plasma Glucose Regulation During Meals 2.4 Plasma Glucose Regulation During Exercise 2.5 Stress Hyperglycemia 2.6 Central Mechanisms for Glucose Sensing and Regulation 2.7 CNS Effects of Neuropeptides on Plasma Glucose 2.7.1 Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone 2.7.2 Somatostatin 2.7.3 Bombesin 2.7.4 Endorphins 3 Neuroendocrine Effector Organs for Metabolic Regulation 3.1 Endocrine Pancreas 3.1.1 Neuroanatomy 3.1.2 Parasympathetic Effects 3.1.3 Peptidergic Effects 3.1.4 Sympathetic Effects 3.2 Liver 3.2.1 Neuroanatomy 3.2.2 Vagal Effects 3.2.3 Sympathetic Effects 3.2.4 Interactions With Other Neural or Humoral Factors 3.3 Adipose Tissue 3.3.1 Neuroanatomy 3.3.2 Sympathetic Effects 3.3.3 Interaction With Humoral Factors 3.4 Skeletal Muscle 3.4.1 Neuroanatomy 3.4.2 Cholinergic Effects 3.4.3 Adrenergic Effects 3.4.4 Interaction With Other Factors 4 conclusion4 Conclusions