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NAHCIVAN DEVLET HALI MÜZESİ’NDE SERGİLENEN VE AZERBAYCAN HALILARININ BİR GRUBUNU OLUŞTURAN TEBRİZ HALILARI / Tabriz Carpets as a Group of Azerbaıjan Carpets that are Presented in Nakhıchevan State Carpet Museum

2014; Issue: 32 Linguagem: Inglês

1300-9206

Keziban Selçuk,

Turkish Literature and Culture

Carpets and flat weavings started with Turks. The nappy and napless weavings, which started to be weaved in Middle Asia, continued its progress here and, because of wars and migrations, they spread all over the world from here as the time beings. In each ornament in the carpets and other weavings there is a meaning. Some of these meanings are abundance and protection, fertility, heroism and love. These products in Nakhichevan State Carpet Museum, which have both nappy and napless weavings, are taken under protection in this museum. In Azerbaijan weavings, there are corner and medallion patterned, repeated patterned, subject patterned (themed= miniatured) and mihrab compositions. Azerbaijan nappy carpets are categorized under four titles according to its technical and artistic features. These are Kuba- Sirvan, Gayanja-Kazakh, Karabakh and Tabriz carpets. These categories are sub-grouped in themselves according to where they are weaved. uretiminin esas merkezidir. Tebriz halilarini, genellikle duz dokumalar olusturur. Ayrica XVI. yuzyilda devrin en hunerli minyaturculerinin Tebriz’de olmasiyla halida motif gelisimi konusunda etkilenmeler olmustur. Ozellikle XIX. yuzyilin ikinci yarisinda hali yapiminin birdenbire arttigi ve canlandigi gorulur. Fakat gunumuzde dokunan Tebriz halilari ilk zamanlarda dokunan halilara kiyasla buyuk farklar gosterir. Dugumleri ince olan bu halilarda genellikle sentetik boyalar kullanilmistir. Son zamanlarda Tebriz halilarinda madalyon cok kullanilan bir desendir . Nahcivan Devlet Hali Muzesi’nde sergilenen ve Tebriz grubuna ait olan hali, XIX. yuzyilda Veliaht Abbas Mirze adina yapilmistir (Fotograf 1). Tebriz grubu halilari, genellikle konulu ve figurlu halilardan olusmaktadir. Atki, cozgu ve ilmesi yun olan bu duvar halisi, Iran (Sine) dugumu ile dokunmustur. Kirmizi, acik ve koyu mavi, deve tuyu turuncu, acik ve koyu yesil, beyaz, siyah, acik ve koyu kahverengi, acik ve koyu sari renkler kullanilmistir. Iplikler, dogal boyalarla renklendirilmistir. Bir adet kalin ve uc adet ince bordurden olusur. Zeminde, Veliaht Abbas Mirze’nin yurumekte olan bir at uzerine binmis resmi yer alir. Halinin ust kisminda, borduru kesen ve krem zemin uzerinde siyah ile yazilmis iki satir yazi vardir. Halinin kalin bordurunde, bir dal uzerinde yapraklar, ince bordurlerde (Motif 1) ise yine bir dal uzerinde kucuk cicek ve yaprak motifleri yer alir (Motif 2). Atin uzerindeki eger takimindaki halida da, Turk motiflerinden olusan suslemeler bulunmaktadir. Veliahdin uniformasi da yine cicek motifleriyle suslenmistir (Motif 3).The material used in the carpets is the wool. The colors used in Azerbaijan carpets are red, claret red, cream, white, pink, orange, yellow, blue, green, brown, grey, navy blue and buff. These colors are in a great harmony. Colors are obtained by painting and mordanting the threads by using different mordant materials of the plants in nature. The subject of this article is the Tabriz carpets which are a branch of Azerbaijan carpets in Nakhichevan State Carpet Museum. The photographs were taken from the museum in 27.05.2006