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Between interactions and commodities: musical parenting of infants and toddlers in Brazil

2011; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 13; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1080/14613808.2011.553277

1469-9893

Beatriz Ilari, Auro Moura, Luís Bourscheidt,

Neuroscience and Music Perception

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate musical parenting of infants and toddlers in Brazil. Forty-three Brazilian mothers were interviewed on musical experience and preferences, beliefs and uses of music with their children. Results suggest that mothers appear to be caught between two main forces: the natural humanurge to interact, communicate and bondwithyoung children and the need to conform to social norms including those concerning consumer behaviours. These results mirror those found in industrialised countries, and suggest that the notion of middle-class as a cultural pattern appears to be more widespread than previously thought. Implications for music education are outlined at the end of the paper. Keywords: musical parentingearly childhoodcommodified babyhoodsmiddle classBrazil Acknowledgements We thank all participating families for sharing their lives with us during the interviews. The names of the children have been changed to protect their identities. We are also grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on earlier versions of this article. Notes 1. 'Adult music' is defined here as music made by and for adults, based on themes that relate more closely to 'adult life' including work, love, deception and so forth. By contrast, the term 'children's music' refers to repertoire that is common to children's CDs, toys and media, including playsongs, nursery rhymes and lullabies. In the case of lullabies, although in academic circles they are often perceived to be women's working songs and thus adult music (refer to Sakata, 1989), typical parents do not always make such a distinction. In fact, many parents refer to lullabies as being 'baby music'. In this article, when many parents referred to 'children's music', they usually meant the repertoire that is typically found in CDs, DVDs and toys available for young children. Minks (2002 Minks, A. 2002. From children's songs to expressive practices: Old and new directions in the ethnomusicological study of children. Ethnomusicology, 46(3): 379–408. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) has carried out an impressive discussion concerning the complex category of 'children's music', which is worth reading. 2. MPBaby and Cocoricó are two children's musical DVDs produced in Brazil. The latter is a compilation of episodes or musical videos presented in a TV show produced by public television (RTC) and launched in 1996, which is still very popular among young children. 3. Lig Lig Lé is the title of a pop song recorded by a Brazilian artist in a CD for children that was very popular at the time of data collection. 4. Carlo et al. (2007 Carlo, G., Koller, S., Raffaelli, M. and Guzman, M.R.T. 2007. Culture-related strengths among Latin American families: A case study of Brazil. Marriage and Family Review, 41(3): 335–60. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) define collectivist orientation as an emphasis and focus on consequences of actions and thoughts in relationship to a broader social group.