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HIV testing in men who have sex with men: are we ready to take the next HIV testing test?

2009; BMJ; Volume: 85; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1136/sti.2009.036632

1472-3263

John Imrie, Neil Macdonald,

HIV Research and Treatment

Abstracts Importance In 2002-2003, a severe pulmonary infectious disease occurred in guangdong, China. The disease was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), 17 years apart, also happen in China, and also a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), this epidemic has posed a significant hazard to people’s health both China and the whole world. Objective Summarized the latest epidemiological changes, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination and pathological characteristics of COVID-19. Evidence Review PubMed database were searched from 2019 to 2020 using the index terms “novel coronavirus” or “COVID-19” or “2019-nCoV” or “SARS-CoV-2” and synonyms. Articles that reported clinical characteristics, laboratory results, imageological diagnosis and pathologic condition were included and were retrospectively reviewed for these cases. This paper adopts the method of descriptive statistics. Results 34 COVID-19-related articles were eligible for this systematic review,Four of the articles were related to pathology. We found that Fever (86.0%), cough (63.9%) and Malaise/Fatigue (34.7%) were the most common symptoms in COVID-19. But in general, the clinical symptoms and signs of COVID-19 were not obvious. Compared with SARS, COVID-19 was transmitted in a more diverse way. The mortality rates of COVID-19 were 2.5%, and the overall infection rate of healthcare worker of COVID-19 was 3.9%. We also found that the pathological features of COVID-19 have greatly similar with SARS, which manifested as ARDS. But the latest pathological examination of COVID-19 revealed the obvious mucinous secretions in the lungs. Interpretation The clinical and pathological characteristics of SARS and COVID-19 in China are very similar, but also difference. The latest finds of pathological examination on COVID-19 may upend existing treatment schemes, so the early recognition of disease by healthcare worker is very important. Key Points Question What can we learn from the clinical manifestations and pathological features of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)? Findings In this review, we found COVID-19 was transmitted in a more diverse way than Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Fever, cough and Malaise/Fatigue were the most common symptoms. We also found that the SARS-CoV-2 has the same cell entry receptor ACE2 as SARS-CoV, and they have similar pathological mechanisms like Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Meaning This review aims to give people a more comprehensive understanding of COVID-19 and to continuously improve the level of prevention, control, diagnosis and treatment.