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Sex Differentiation in an All-Female (XX) Rainbow Trout Population with a Genetically Governed Masculinization Phenotype

2013; Karger Publishers; Volume: 7; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1159/000348435

1661-5433

Karina Valdivia, Brigitte Mourot, Elodie Jouanno, Jean‐Nicolas Volff, Delphine Galiana-Arnoux, René R. Guyomard, Chantal Cauty, B. Collin, P. Rault, Louise Hélary, Alexis Fostier, Edwige Quillet, Yann Guiguen,

Fish Ecology and Management Studies

Sex determination is known to be male heterogametic in the rainbow trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>; however, scattered observations that deviate from this rather strict genetic control have been reported. Here, we provide a detailed morphological and histological characterization of the gonadal differentiation and development (from 43 days postfertilization to 11 months of age) in an all-female (XX) population with a genetically governed masculinization phenotype. In comparison with control males and females, the gonadal differentiation in these animals was characterized by many perturbations, including significantly fewer germ cells. This decrease in germ cells was confirmed by the significantly decreased expression of 2 germ cell maker genes <i>(vasa</i> and <i>sycp3)</i> in the masculinized XX populations as compared with the control females and control males. Although only a proportion of the total adult population was partially or fully masculinized, this early differentiating phenotype affected nearly all the sampled animals. This suggests that the adult masculinization phenotype is the consequence of an early functional imbalance in ovarian differentiation in the entire population. We hypothesize that the lower number of germ cells that we observed in this population could be one cause of their masculinization.