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k-Chordal Graphs: From Cops and Robber to Compact Routing via Treewidth

2014; Springer Science+Business Media; Volume: 72; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/s00453-014-9871-y

1432-0541

Adrian Kosowski, Li Bi, Nicolas Nisse, Karol Suchan,

Game Theory and Applications

Cops and robber games, introduced by Winkler and Nowakowski (in Discrete Math. 43(2–3), 235–239, 1983) and independently defined by Quilliot (in J. Comb. Theory, Ser. B 38(1), 89–92, 1985), concern a team of cops that must capture a robber moving in a graph. We consider the class of k-chordal graphs, i.e., graphs with no induced (chordless) cycle of length greater than k, k≥3. We prove that k−1 cops are always sufficient to capture a robber in k-chordal graphs. This leads us to our main result, a new structural decomposition for a graph class including k-chordal graphs. We present a polynomial-time algorithm that, given a graph G and k≥3, either returns an induced cycle larger than k in G, or computes a tree-decomposition of G, each bag of which contains a dominating path with at most k−1 vertices. This allows us to prove that any k-chordal graph with maximum degree Δ has treewidth at most (k−1)(Δ−1)+2, improving the O(Δ(Δ−1) k−3) bound of Bodlaender and Thilikos (Discrete Appl. Math. 79(1–3), 45–61, 1997. Moreover, any graph admitting such a tree-decomposition has small hyperbolicity). As an application, for any n-vertex graph admitting such a tree-decomposition, we propose a compact routing scheme using routing tables, addresses and headers of size O(klogΔ+logn) bits and achieving an additive stretch of O(klogΔ). As far as we know, this is the first routing scheme with O(klogΔ+logn)-routing tables and small additive stretch for k-chordal graphs.