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Collective Motion and Nonequilibrium Cluster Formation in Colonies of Gliding Bacteria

2012; American Physical Society; Volume: 108; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1103/physrevlett.108.098102

1092-0145

Fernando Peruani, Jörn Starruß, Vladimir Jakovljevic, Lotte Søgaard‐Andersen, Andreas Deutsch, Markus Bär,

Diffusion and Search Dynamics

We characterize cell motion in experiments and show that the transition to collective motion in colonies of gliding bacterial cells confined to a monolayer appears through the organization of cells into larger moving clusters. Collective motion by nonequilibrium cluster formation is detected for a critical cell packing fraction around 17%. This transition is characterized by a scale-free power-law cluster-size distribution, with an exponent $0.88\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07$, and the appearance of giant number fluctuations. Our findings are in quantitative agreement with simulations of self-propelled rods. This suggests that the interplay of self-propulsion and the rod shape of bacteria is sufficient to induce collective motion.