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RAS oncogenes: weaving a tumorigenic web

2011; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 11; Issue: 11 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/nrc3106

1474-1768

Yuliya Pylayeva‐Gupta, Elda Grabocka, Dafna Bar‐Sagi,

Cell death mechanisms and regulation

The RAS oncogenes have far-reaching effects when they are oncogenically mutated. This Review discusses our current knowledge about the cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous effects of oncogenic RAS and how different RAS isoforms and substitutions seem to have different effects. RAS proteins are essential components of signalling pathways that emanate from cell surface receptors. Oncogenic activation of these proteins owing to missense mutations is frequently detected in several types of cancer. A wealth of biochemical and genetic studies indicates that RAS proteins control a complex molecular circuitry that consists of a wide array of interconnecting pathways. In this Review, we describe how RAS oncogenes exploit their extensive signalling reach to affect multiple cellular processes that drive tumorigenesis.