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Genetic structure of Plasmodium vivax isolates from two malaria endemic areas in Afghanistan

2009; Elsevier BV; Volume: 113; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.025

1873-6254

Sedigheh Zakeri, Najibullah Safi, Mandana Afsharpad, Waqar Butt, Faezeh Ghasemi, Akram Abouie Mehrizi, Hoda Atta, Ghasem Zamani, Navid Dinparast Djadid,

Mosquito-borne diseases and control

In this study, the nature and extent of genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax populations circulating in Afghanistan have been investigated by analyzing three genetic markers: csp, msp-1, and msp-3α. Blood samples (n = 202) were collected from patients presenting with vivax malaria from south-western (Herat) and south-eastern (Nangarhar) parts of Afghanistan, and analysed using nested-PCR/RFLP and sequencing methods. Genotyping pvmsp-1 revealed type 1, type 2 and recombinant type 3 allelic variants, with type 1 predominant in parasites in both study areas. The sequence analysis of 57 P. vivax isolates identified a total of 26 distinct alleles. Genotyping pvcsp gene showed that VK210 type (86.6%) is predominant in Afghanistan. Moreover, three major types of the pvmsp-3α locus: type A, type B and type C were distinguished among Afghani isolates. The predominant fragments among Nangarhar and Herat parasites were type A (70.8% and 67.9%, respectively). PCR/RFLP products with Hha I and Alu I were detected 52 and 38 distinct variants among Nangarhar and Herat isolates, respectively. These results strongly indicate that the P. vivax populations in Afghanistan are highly diverse.