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Dynamic rupture experiments elucidate tensile crack development during propagating earthquake ruptures

2009; Geological Society of America; Volume: 37; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1130/g30064a.1

1943-2682

W. A. Griffith, Ares J. Rosakis, David D. Pollard, C.W. KO,

Seismic Performance and Analysis

Research Article| September 01, 2009 Dynamic rupture experiments elucidate tensile crack development during propagating earthquake ruptures W. Ashley Griffith; W. Ashley Griffith 1Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA *Current address: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy; E-mail: griffith@ingv.it. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ares Rosakis; Ares Rosakis 2Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar David D. Pollard; David D. Pollard 1Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Chi Wan Ko Chi Wan Ko 2Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information W. Ashley Griffith *Current address: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy; E-mail: griffith@ingv.it. 1Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA Ares Rosakis 2Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA David D. Pollard 1Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA Chi Wan Ko 2Graduate Aeronautical Laboratories, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA Publisher: Geological Society of America Received: 23 Jan 2009 Revision Received: 15 Apr 2009 Accepted: 26 Apr 2009 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print ISSN: 0091-7613 © 2009 Geological Society of America Geology (2009) 37 (9): 795–798. https://doi.org/10.1130/G30064A.1 Article history Received: 23 Jan 2009 Revision Received: 15 Apr 2009 Accepted: 26 Apr 2009 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation W. Ashley Griffith, Ares Rosakis, David D. Pollard, Chi Wan Ko; Dynamic rupture experiments elucidate tensile crack development during propagating earthquake ruptures. Geology 2009;; 37 (9): 795–798. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/G30064A.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract We used optical experiments and high-speed photography to interpret the origins of tensile fractures that form during dynamic shear rupture in laboratory experiments. Sub-Rayleigh (slower than the Rayleigh wave speed, cR) shear ruptures in Homalite-100 produce damage zones consisting of an array of tensile cracks. These cracks nucleate and grow within cohesive zones behind the tips of shear ruptures that propagate dynamically along interfaces with frictional and cohesive strength, simulating a "strong" fault. The tensile cracks are produced only along one side of the interface where transient, fault-parallel, tensile stress perturbations are associated with the growing shear rupture tip. Results of this study represent an important potential bridge between geological observations of structures preserved along exhumed faults and theoretical models of earthquake propagation, potentially leading to diagnostic criteria for interpreting velocity, directivity, and static prestress states associated with past earthquakes on exhumed faults. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.