Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Protecting Patients From an Unsafe System

2012; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 256; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1097/sla.0b013e3182602564

1528-1140

Yue‐Yung Hu, Alexander F. Arriaga, Emilie M. Roth, Sarah E. Peyré, Katherine Corso, Richard S. Swanson, Robert T. Osteen, Pamela Schmitt, Angela M. Bader, Michael J. Zinner, Caprice C. Greenberg,

Medical Malpractice and Liability Issues

In Brief Objective: To understand the etiology and resolution of unanticipated events in the operating room (OR). Background: The majority of surgical adverse events occur intraoperatively. The OR represents a complex, high-risk system. The influence of different human, team, and organizational/environmental factors on safety and performance is unknown. Methods: We video-recorded and transcribed 10 high-acuity operations, representing 43.7 hours of patient care. Deviations, defined as delays and/or episodes of decreased patient safety, were identified by majority consensus of a multidisciplinary team. Factors that contributed to each event and/or mitigated its impact were determined and attributed to the patient, providers, or environment/organization. Results: Thirty-three deviations (10 delays, 17 safety compromises, 6 both) occurred—with a mean of 1 every 79.4 minutes. These deviations were multifactorial (mean 3.1 factors). Problems with communication and organizational structure appeared repeatedly at the root of both types of deviations. Delays tended to be resolved with vigilance, communication, coordination, and cooperation, while mediation of safety compromises was most frequently accomplished with vigilance, leadership, communication, and/or coordination. The organization/environment was not found to play a direct role in compensation. Conclusions: Unanticipated events are common in the OR. Deviations result from poor organizational/environmental design and suboptimal team dynamics, with caregivers compensating to avoid patient harm. Although recognized in other high-risk domains, such human resilience has not yet been described in surgery and has major implications for the design of safety interventions. Unanticipated events are common in the operating room. Deviations result from poor system design and suboptimal team dynamics, with caregivers compensating to avoid patient harm. These results underscore the need for system redesign and team training to improve patient safety.