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A CRITICAL STUDY OF METHODS OF MEASURING SPERMICIDAL ACTION

1952; Wiley; Volume: 54; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1749-6632.1952.tb39955.x

1749-6632

Nathan Millman,

Reproductive Health and Contraception

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 54, Issue 5 p. 806-824 A CRITICAL STUDY OF METHODS OF MEASURING SPERMICIDAL ACTION Nathan Millman, Nathan Millman The Ortho Research Foundation, Raritan, New JerseySearch for more papers by this author Nathan Millman, Nathan Millman The Ortho Research Foundation, Raritan, New JerseySearch for more papers by this author First published: May 1952 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1952.tb39955.xCitations: 14AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Bibliography 1 Alvarez. R. I. 1947. Biology of the sperm cell. Trah. Inst. Nac. Med. 8: 207. 2 Baker, J. R. 1930. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. I. Introduction and experiments on guinea-pig sperm. J. Hyg. 29: 323. 3 Baker, J. R. 1931. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. II. Pure substances. J. Hyg. 31: 189. 4 Baker, J. R. 1931. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. III. Pessaries. J. Hyg. 31: 309. 5 Baker, J. R. 1932. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. IV. More pure substances J. Hyg. 32: 172. 6 Baker, J. R. 1932. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. V. A comparison of human sperms with those of the guinea-pig. J. Hyg. 32: 550. 7 Baker, J. R. 1935. The Chemical Control of Conception. Chapman-Hall. London . 8 Baker, J. R. 1930. A fluid for mammalian sperm suspensions. Quart. J. Exp. Physiol. 20: 67. 9 Baker, J. R. 1931. An improved fluid for mammalian sperm suspensions. Quart. J. Exp. Physiol. 21: 139. 10 Baker, J. R. 1939. The examination of semen specimens. J. Contraception. 4: 127. 11 Baker, J. R. & R. M. Ranson. 1934. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. VI. An improved test for suppositories. J. Hyg. 34: 474. 12 Baker, J. R., R. M. Ranson & J. Tynen. 1937. The spermicidal powers of chemical contraceptives. VII. Approved tests. J. Hyg. 37: 474. 13 Baker, J. R., R. M. Ranson & J. Tynen. 1938. A new chemical contraceptive. Lancet. 11: 882. 14 Baker, J. R. & J. Tynen. 1940. Report on laboratory lest for two foam powders. Human Fertility. 6: 33. 15 Becker, B. & C. J. Gamble. 1944. The spermicidal times of samples of commercial contraceptives secured in 1943. Human Fertility. 9: 6. 16 Becker, B. &. C. J. Gamble. 1946. The spermicidal times of contraceptive jellies and creams. Human Fertility. 11: 111. 17 Brown, R. L. & C. J. Gamble. 1940. A method of testing the relative spermicidal effectiveness of contraceptives, and its application to ten commercial products. Human Fertility. 6: 97. 18 Brown, R. L. & C. J. Gamble. 1941. The comparative spermicidal powers of 15 commercial contraceptives. Human Fertility. 6: 1. 19 Brown, R. L. & C. J. Gamble. 1943. Factors influencing the survival time of human spermatozoa in a solution of potassium acid phthallate. Human Fertility. 8: 4. 20 Brown, P. L. & C. J. Gamble. 1943. Studies of spermicidal times of contraceptive materials, Human Fertility. 8: 9. 21 Brown, R. L., I. Levenstein & B. Becker. 1943. The spermicidal times of samples of commercial contraceptives secured in 1942. Human Fertility. 7: 65. 22 Carleton, H. M. &. H. Florey. 1931. Birth control studies. I. On the ingress of semen into the uterus during coitus. J. Obst. Gynec. Brit. Emp. 38: 1. 23 Dickinson, R. L. & L. S. Bryant. 1931. Control of Conception. Williams & Wikins. Baltimore . 24 Emmens, C. W. 1947. The motility and vitality of rabbit spermatozoa at different hydrogen-ion concentrations. J. Physiol. 106: 471. 25 Emmens, C. W. & G. I. M. Swyer. 1948. Observations on the motility of rabbit spermatozoa. J. Gen. Physiol. 32: 121. 26 Gamble, C. J. 1940. Some factors in measuring spermicidal time. Conf. on Biol. of Sperm and of the Vagina. P. 73. 27 Gamble, C. J. & R. L. Brown. 1941. Relative spermicidal times of commercial contraceptives. Reprinted from the Scientific Exhibit of the A.M.A. June. 28 Gellhorn, E. 1931. Lehrbuch der Allgemeinen Physiologie. Thieme. Leizig . 29 Gulland, J. M. 1932. The spermicidal activity of quinones and quinols. Bioclem. J. 28: 32. 30 Gulland, J. M. & T. H. Mead. 1935. Correlation of the spermicidal efficiencies of aromatic aldehydes with their chemical reactivities and electrometric titrations of gelatin in presence of aromatic aldehydes. Biochem. J. 29: 397. 31 Gunther, G. 1907. their spermiengifte. Pflügers Arch. f. Physiol. 118: 551. 32 Ivanov, E. E. 1935. their die Monohalogenessigäurewirkung auf die Glykolyse und Beweglichkeit der Spermatozoen. Biochem. 2. 278: 101. 33 Kölliker, A. 1855. Physiologische Studien über die Samenflüssigkeit. Z. wiss. Zool. 7: 221. 34 Lardy, H. A. & P. H. Phillips. 1941. The effect of certain inhibitors and activators on sperm metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 138: 195. 35 Levenstein, I. 1940. Methods of testing spermicides. Conf. on Biol. of Sperm and of the Vagina. P. 61. 36 Macias de Torres, E. 1934. Sur la vitalité des spermatozoides. Gynec. et Obst. 30: 544. 37 Macleod, J. 1951. Sulfhydryl groups in relation to the metabolism and motility of human spermatozoa. J. Gen. Physiol. 34: 705. 38 Milovanov, V. K. 1934. Cited by Emmens, C. W. & G. I. M. Swyer. 1948. J. Gen. Physiol. 32: 121. 39 Moench, G. L. 1930. Evaluation of the motility of the spermatozoa. J. A. M. A. 94: 478. 40 New and Non-official Remedies. 1950. American Medical Association. Chicago . P. xxxv. 41 Sander, F. V. 1940. Techniques for spermicidal measurement. Conf. on Biol. of Sperm and of the Vagina. P. 67. 42 Sander, F. V. & S. D. Cramer. 1941. A practical method for testing the spermicidal action of chemical contraceptives. human Fertility. 6: 134. 43 Shedlovsxy, L., D. Belcher & I. Levenstein. 1942. Titrations of human seminal fluid with acids and alkalis and their effects on thesurvival of sperm motility. Am. J. Physiol. 136: 535. 44 Shedlovsxy, L., G. W. Beebe & C. J. Gamble. 1936. Desirable properties and important ingredients of contraceptive jellies. J. Contraception. 1: 203. 45 Shettles, L. B. 1940. Resistance of human spermatozoa in vitro to sulfanilamide and sulfapyridine. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 44: 392. 46 Tynen, J. 1939. Observations on specimens of human semen. J. Contraception. 4: 125. 47 Voge, C. I. B. 1933. The Chemistry and Physics of Contraceptives. Cape. London . 48 Voge, C. I. B. 1933. The present status of the contraceptive trade. Mfg. Chemist. 4: 289. 49 Voge, C. I. B. 1933. Contraceptive methods. Practitioner. 131: 268. 50 Voge, C. I. B. 1933. Chemical contraceptives in theory and practice. Mfg. Chemist. December. 51 Weisman, A. I. 1939. The effect of temperature upon the viability of spermatozoa. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 38: 313. Citing Literature Volume54, Issue5World Population Problems and Birth ControlMay 1952Pages 806-824 ReferencesRelatedInformation