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Occurrence and Characteristics of Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Three Major Brazilian States

2004; Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.; Volume: 10; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1089/mdr.2004.10.313

1931-8448

Cláudia Rezende Vieira de Mendonça-Souza, Maria da Glória S. Carvalho, Rosana Rocha Barros, Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias, Jorge Luiz Mello Sampaio, Angela C.D. Castro, Richard R. Facklam, Lúcia Martins Teixeira,

Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus

We investigated the occurrence and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in three major states in Brazil, from 1990 to 1999. Of the 931 pneumococcal strains evaluated, 40 (4.3%) were erythromycin-resistant (Ery-R). Among the 40 Ery-R strains, 90.0%, 80.0%, 27.5%, 5.0%, and 2.5% were resistant to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, penicillin, chloramphenicol, and rifampin, respectively. None of the strains were resistant to ofloxacin or to vancomycin. Most [37 (92.5%)] of the 40 Ery-R isolates presented the MLSB phenotype and 3 (7.5%) strains showed the M phenotype. PCR testing indicated that all MLSB phenotype isolates harbored the erm(B) gene only, whereas the mef(A/E) gene was present in all isolates presenting the M phenotype. The tet(M) gene was the most frequent (86.1%) among Ery-R isolates that were also resistant to tetracycline. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis after SmaI digestion revealed the occurrence of clonal relationships within groups of strains belonging to serotypes 14, 19A, and 23F. All Ery-R isolates belonging to serotype 14 were susceptible to penicillin and were included in a single clonal group (named Ery14-A) related to the England14-9 internationally spread clone.