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Comparison of the absorption and excretion of three commercially available sources of vitamin C

1994; Elsevier BV; Volume: 94; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/0002-8223(94)91950-x

1878-3570

Carol S. Johnston, Bing Luo,

Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research

Several well-publicized reports have suggested that vitamin C intake is related to cancer prevention ( 1. Block G Vitamin C and cancer prevention: the epidemiologic evidence. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991; 53 (suppl): 270S-282S Google Scholar , 2. McLaughlin JK Gridley G Block G Winn DM Preston-Martin S Schoenberg JB Greenberg RS Stemhagen A Austin DF Ershow AG Blot WJ Fraumeni JF Dietary factors in oral and pharyngeal cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988; 80: 1237-1243 Google Scholar , 3. Graham S Mettlin C Marshall J Priore R Rzepka T Shedd D Dietary factors in the epidemiology of cancer of the larynx. Am J Epidemiol. 1981; 113: 675-680 Google Scholar , 4. Brown LM Blot WJ Schuman SH Smith VM Ershow AG Marks RD Fraumeni JF Environmental factors and high risk of esophageal cancer among men in coastal South Carolina. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988; 80: 1620-1625 Google Scholar , 5. Fontham ETH Pickle LW Haenszel W Correa P Lin Y Falk RT Dietary vitamins A and C and lung cancer risk in Louisiana. Cancer. 1988; 62: 2267-2273 Google Scholar ), longevity ( 6. Enstrom JE Kanim LE Klein MA Vitamin C intake and mortality among a sample of the United States population. Epidemiology. 1992; 3: 194-202 Google Scholar ), and even the genetic integrity of sperm ( 7. Fraga CG Motchnik PA Shigenaga MK Helbock HJ Jacob RA Ames BN Ascorbic acid protects against endogenous oxidative DNA damage in human sperm. in: 20th ed. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 88. 1991: 11003-11006 Google Scholar ). Other reports have demonstrated that vitamin C status is associated with improved immune responses ( 8. Bendich A Vitamin C and immune responses. Food Technol. 1987; 41: 112-114 Google Scholar , 9. Thomas WR Holt PG Vitamin C and immunity: an assessment of the evidence. Clin Exp Immunol. 1978; 32: 370-379 Google Scholar , 10. Anderson R The immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of ascorbate. in: 20th ed. Advances in Nutritional Research. Vol 6. Plenum Press, New York, NY1984: 19-45 Google Scholar ) and that supplemental vitamin C has antihistamine ( 11. Johnston CS Martin LJ Cai X Antihistamine effect of supplemental ascorbic acid and neutrophil chemotaxis. J Am Coll Nutr. 1992; 11: 172-176 Google Scholar , 12. Clemetson CAB Histamine and ascorbic acid in human blood. J Nutr. 1980; 110: 662-668 Google Scholar ), antioxidant ( 13. Frei B England L Ames BN Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human blood plasma. in: 20th ed. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 86. 1989: 6377-6381 Google Scholar , 14. Anderson R Lukey PT A biological role for ascorbate in the selective neutralization of extracellular phagocyte-derived oxidants. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1987; 498: 229-247 Google Scholar ), and hypotensive ( 15. Bulpitt CJ Vitamin C and blood pressure. J Hypertens. 1990; 8: 1071-1075 Google Scholar , 16. Moran JP Cohen L Greene JM Xu G Feldman EB Hames CG Feldman DS Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations relate inversely to blood pressure in human subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993; 57: 213-217 Google Scholar ) actions. These reports, as well as the highly controversial theory that vitamin C prevents the common cold ( 17. Pauling L Vitamin C and the Common Cold. WH Freeman, San Francisco, Calif1970 Google Scholar ), have prompted many people to supplement their diets with synthetic vitamin C. In fact, vitamin C is the most commonly supplemented nutrient in the United States ( 18. Subar AF Block G Use of vitamin and mineral supplements: demographics and amounts of nutrients consumed. Am J Epidemiol. 1990; 132: 1091-1101 Google Scholar ). The percentage of the population that consumes vitamin C regularly has been reported to range from 8% in the general population to 44% in elderly women ( 18. Subar AF Block G Use of vitamin and mineral supplements: demographics and amounts of nutrients consumed. Am J Epidemiol. 1990; 132: 1091-1101 Google Scholar , 19. Jacob RA Otradovec CL Russell RM Munro HN Hartz SC McGandy RB Morrow FD Sadowski JA Vitamin C status and nutrient interactions in a healthy elderly population. Am J Clin Nutr. 1988; 48: 1436-1442 Google Scholar ).