Unipolar value of standard limb leads: Lead — VR and rational arrangement of limb leads
1954; Elsevier BV; Volume: 48; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/0002-8703(54)90174-x
ISSN1097-6744
Autores Tópico(s)Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
Resumo1. As everybody knows, unipolar limb leads are "unipolar" leads (according to the conventional electrocardiographic meaning of this term) registered from the ends −150° (VR), −30° (VL) and +90° (VF) of the lead axes of the frontal plane. Standard limb leads, although registered by bipolar method, give the same results as unipolar leads obtained from the ends 0° (Lead I), +60° (Lead II) and +120° (Lead III) of the lead axes of the frontal plane. Theoretical and experimental data supporting this statement are presented. 2. It is unjustified, therefore, to keep these two groups of leads separate and to regard the ones as "true" and the other as "mixed" records. Standard limb leads do not need, for an accurate reading, the help of the unipolar limb leads or, at least, the reciprocal is likewise true. 3. The traditional arrangement of the limb leads is irrational. Every lead must occupy its right place according to its relative position in the frontal plane; besides, Lead VR must be replaced by Lead — VR. The only rational arrangement of the limb leads is the following: VL, Lead I, — VR, Lead II, VF, Lead III. This arrangement allows an exploration of the frontal plane thoroughly comparable to the one performed in the horizontal plane by means of unipolar precordial leads.
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