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Structural and petrologic evolution of the Lihue basin and eastern Kauai, Hawaii

1999; Geological Society of America; Volume: 111; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111 2.3.co;2

1943-2674

Peter W. Reiners, Bruce K. Nelson, Scot K. Izuka,

earthquake and tectonic studies

Research Article| May 01, 1999 Structural and petrologic evolution of the Lihue basin and eastern Kauai, Hawaii Peter W. Reiners; Peter W. Reiners 1Department of Geological Sciences, Box 351310, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Bruce K. Nelson; Bruce K. Nelson 1Department of Geological Sciences, Box 351310, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Scot K. Izuka Scot K. Izuka 2U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 677 Ala Moana Boulevard, Suite 415, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (1999) 111 (5): 674–685. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111 2.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Peter W. Reiners, Bruce K. Nelson, Scot K. Izuka; Structural and petrologic evolution of the Lihue basin and eastern Kauai, Hawaii. GSA Bulletin 1999;; 111 (5): 674–685. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111 2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract The topography of the eastern part of the Hawaiian island of Kauai is dominated by the Lihue basin, a large (∼110 km2) semicircular depression bounded by steep cliffs and partly filled by late rejuvenated-stage (or posterosional stage) volcanic material. As with other large, semicircular basins on ocean-island volcanoes, the subsurface geology and origin (e.g., structural collapse vs. fluvial erosion) of the Lihue basin are poorly understood. New analyses of samples collected from eastern Kauai and drill holes within the basin document several important features of the late-stage geologic evolution of Kauai. First, thick (>300 m) sequences of rejuvenated-stage Koloa Volcanics in the Lihue basin show systematic, basin-wide geochemical trends of increasingly incompatible elements with time, indicating a gradual decrease in the extent of partial melting of mantle sources with time. Second, beneath the rejuvenated-stage volcanics in the basin, a thin layer of postshield alkalic stage lavas (e.g., hawaiites and mugearites) overlies older shield-stage tholeiitic lavas of the Napali Member, indicating that the Lihue basin formed by structural collapse, not fluvial erosion. Third, a large (∼2–5 km3) matrix-supported breccia, interpreted as deposits of one or more debris flows, is within the rejuvenated-stage volcanics throughout the basin, and correlates with surficial exposures of the Palikea Breccia west of the basin. Isotopic compositions of the bulk breccia are similar to those of tholeiites from the east side of Kauai, and distinct from those of west Kauai tholeiites. Clasts within the breccia are dominantly hawaiite and alkali gabbro. The source region of the breccia in the steep cliffs and highlands of the central massif to the west of the basin must contain magmatic products of an extensive postshield alkalic stage, including hawaiite flows and one or more large intrusive bodies or ponded sequences of alkali gabbro. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.