The Establishment of the Position of Marja'iyyt-i Taqlid in the Twelver-Shi'i Community
1985; Cambridge University Press; Volume: 18; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1080/00210868508701646
ISSN1475-4819
Autores Tópico(s)Families in Therapy and Culture
ResumoNineteenth-century Iran witnessed the advent of a new socioreligious institution. While the theory of a divinely appointed Imam ( Imām al-Manṣūb) increasingly became eschatological in nature, a highly centralized religious position came into being whose source of power was not to be found in the classical Shi'i doctrine. The position of marja ᶜ -i taqlīd is a product of several religious developments that characterized the nineteenth-century Shi'i community. The prevalence of the Uṣūlī school and the formulation of two important doctrines, i.e., a ᶜ lamiyyat (more knowledgeability) and vilāyat-i faqīh (the governance of the jurist) are held as three major juridical impetuses underlying the birth of the institution of marja ᶜ iyyat-i taqlīd. Therefore, we will first deal with the Uṣūlī process, then the doctrines of a ᶜ lamiyyat and vilāyat-i faqīh, then with the qualifications of a marj ᶜ , and the question of who the first marja ᶜ of the Twelver-Shi'i community was, and finally the place of marja ᶜ -i taqlīd in the political life of Shi'i Iran.
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