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Bioaccessibility of Carotenoids and Vitamin E from Their Main Dietary Sources

2006; American Chemical Society; Volume: 54; Issue: 23 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1021/jf061818s

1520-5118

Emmanuelle Reboul, M. Richelle, Eloïse Perrot, Christiane Desmoulins-Malezet, Victor Pirisi, Patrick Borel,

Algal biology and biofuel production

Vitamin E and carotenoids are fat-soluble microconstituents that may exert beneficial effects in humans, including protection against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and age-related eye diseases. Their bioavailability is influenced by various factors including food matrix, formulation, and food processing. Since human studies are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and expensive, the in vitro model used in this study is increasingly being used to estimate bioaccessibility of these microconstituents. However, the ability of this model to predict bioavailability in a healthy human population has not yet been verified. The first aim of this study was to validate this model by comparing model-derived bioaccessibility data with (i) human-derived bioaccessibility data and (ii) published mean bioavailability data reported in studies involving healthy humans. The second aim was to use it to measure α- and γ-tocopherol, β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein bioaccessibility from their main dietary sources. Bioaccessibility as assessed with the in vitro model was well correlated with human-derived bioaccessibility values (r = 0.90, p < 0.05), as well as relative mean bioavailability values reported in healthy human groups (r = 0.98, p < 0.001). The bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E from the main dietary sources was highly variable, ranging from less than 0.1% (β-carotene from raw tomato) to almost 100% (α-tocopherol from white bread). Bioaccessibility was dependent on (i) microconstituent species (lutein > β-carotene and α-carotene > lycopene and α-tocopherol generally > γ-tocopherol), (ii) food matrix, and (iii) food processing. Keywords: Micelles; absorption; bioavailability; food processing; bioaccessibility; human