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PHOTOSYNTHETIC PERFORMANCE AND LEAF WATER POTENTIAL OF GULUPA (Passiflora edulis Sims, PASSIFLORACEAE) IN THE REPRODUCTIVE PHASE IN THREE LOCATIONS IN THE COLOMBIAN ANDES

2014; National University of Colombia; Volume: 20; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.15446/abc.v20n1.42196

1900-1649

Laura Victoria Pérez-Martínez, Luz Marina Melgarejo,

Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement

Gulupa, Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae), is an important fruit due to its organoleptic and nutritional characteristics and its demand in the international market; however, very few studies have been conducted for study its Ecophysiology. Until now, this crop has spread throughout the country through empirical knowledge without data that indicate the zones that are more suitable for its cultivation. For this reason, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence (photosystem II operating efficiency and maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry) and leaf water potential were measured in three different locations of Cundinamarca department (Chia [2610 m a.s.l., 14 °C], Granada [2230 m a.s.l., 15 °C] and Tena [2090 m a.s.l., 17 °C]), whose climatic conditions were monitored with meteorological stations to evaluate the physiologic performance in each location related to the environmental factors. The results indicate that, even though the photosynthetic capacity was similar and high in Granada and Tena, the water status of the plant, the stomatal control of water loss and recovery of photosystems during the night were more efficient in Granada ( p < 0.05). In Tena, the small differences between day and night temperature, humidity, and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) limited the night water recovery in the plants. Meanwhile, in Chia, the increase of VPD during the day and the low temperatures decreased the water potential both during the day and during the night, as well as the recovery of photosystem II. Therefore, in conclusion the climatic conditions similar to Granada, which are 18/13 °C day/night, a VPD close to 0.5 KPa, and radiation that did not exceed 1000 μmol photons/m 2 s favored the good physiological performance of gulupa Desempeno fotosintetico y potencial hidrico foliar de gulupa ( Passiflora edulis Sims, Passifloraceae) en estado reproductivo en tres localidades de los Andes colombianos La gulupa, Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae) es un frutal importante debido a sus caracteristicas organolepticas, nutricionales y su demanda en el mercado internacional; sin embargo, existen muy pocos estudios relacionados con su ecofisiologia. Hasta el momento, el cultivo se ha extendido a traves del pais por medio de conocimiento empirico sin tener datos que sustenten las zonas mas apropiadas para su cultivo. Por esta razon, en el presente estudio se midio el intercambio de gases, la fluorescencia de la clorofila (factor de eficiencia del fotosistema II y eficiencia cuantica fotoquimica maxima del fotosistema II) y el potencial hidrico foliar en tres localidades diferentes del departamento de Cundinamarca (Chia [2610 m s.n.m., 14 °C], Granada [2230 m s.n.m., 15 °C] y Tena [2090 m s.n.m., 17 °C]), cuyas condiciones climaticas fueron monitoreadas con estaciones meteorologicas para evaluar el desempeno fisiologico en cada localidad y relacionarlo con los factores ambientales. Los resultados indican que aunque la capacidad fotosintetica fue alta y similar en Granada y Tena, el estado hidrico de la planta, el control estomatico de la perdida de agua y la recuperacion de los fotosistemas durante la noche fueron mas eficientes en Granada ( p < 0.05). En Tena, la estrecha diferencia entre los valores dia/noche de temperatura, humedad y deficit de presion de vapor (DPV) limitaron la recuperacion hidrica de la planta, mientras que en Chia el aumento de DPV en el dia, y las bajas temperaturas disminuyeron el potencial hidrico, tanto durante el dia como durante la noche, asi como la recuperacion del fotosistema II. Por tanto, en conclusion, condiciones climaticas cercanas a las de Granada; 18/13 °C dia/noche, DPV de 0,5 KPa, y una radiacion que no exceda los 1000 μmol fotones/m 2 s favorecen el buen desempeno de la planta.