Sarcoidosis: historical perspective and immunopathogenesis (part I)
1998; Elsevier BV; Volume: 92; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0954-6111(98)90085-3
ISSN1532-3064
AutoresGernot Zissel, Joachim Müller‐Quernheim,
Tópico(s)Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions
ResumoFIRST DESCRIPTION AND SEARCH FOR AETIOLOGY A number of the characteristics of the disease known today as sarcoidosis were first described in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1798, erythema nodosum was described by R. William, and as early as 1882, the microscopical charac- teristics of epitheloid and giant cells were reported by M. Tenneson. In 1889, Ernest Besnier, a French dermatologist at the Hopital St. Louis in Paris, presented a 34-year-old man with lesions on the face and upper limbs ‘of a type incompletely known and described’. Initial manifestations of the disease had been observed 10 years prior to the clinical presentation as redness of the ears, and 3 years later, the nose and the synovial sheaths of the fingers had also become affected. Besnier characterized the facial changes as ‘une variete de lupus Crythemateux B forme d’erytheme pernio ou d’asphyxie local’, which he con- sidered related to lupus erythematodous, an auto-immune disorder characterized by facial skin lesions(l). The term ‘lupus pernio’ shaped by Besnier is still used today to describe facial skin lesions of sarcoidosis patients. The first patient with confirmed skin lesions of sarcoi- dosis was described by Jonathan Hutchinson in early 1880. He called the disease ‘Mortimer’s malady’ after his first patient. The case was presented at a meeting of the Dermatological Society of London where it was suggested to obtain biopsies for microscopic examination (Plate 1). Hutchinson recorded that he subsequently proposed this to the patient, with the result that he did not see her again for 2 years. At necropsy, in 1900, it was determined that the skin lesions of Mortimer’s malady were identical with those described previously by C. Boeck as ‘multiple sarcoids’. Thus, Hutchinson was, in fact, preceded by Boeck in the histological description of sarcoidosis. In 1899, Caesar Boeck (Oslo) described the case of a man aged 36 years, presenting with scattered spots and patches on the skin. The patches were slightly elevated with pal- pable well-defined nodules and infiltrations. In addition, he
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