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Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a Invasive Disease, Alaska, USA, 1983–2011

2013; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Volume: 19; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3201/eid1906.121805

1080-6059

Michael G. Bruce, Tammy Zulz, Carolynn DeByle, Ros Singleton, Debby Hurlburt, Dana Bruden, Karen Rudolph, Thomas Hennessy, Joseph Klejka, Jay D. Wenger,

Respiratory viral infections research

Before introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines, rates of Hib disease in Alaska's indigenous people were among the highest in the world. Vaccination reduced rates dramatically; however, invasive H. influenzae type a (Hia) disease has emerged. Cases of invasive disease were identified through Alaska statewide surveillance during 1983-2011. Of 866 isolates analyzed for serotype, 32 (4%) were Hia. No Hia disease was identified before 2002; 32 cases occurred during 2002-2011 (p<0.001). Median age of case-patients was 0.7 years; 3 infants died. Incidence of Hia infection (2002-2011) among children <5 years was 5.4/100,000; 27 cases occurred in Alaska Native children (18/100,000) versus 2 cases in non-Native children (0.5/100,000) (risk ratio = 36, p<0.001). From 12/2009 to 12/2011, 15 cases of Hia disease occurred in southwestern Alaska (in children <5 years, rate = 204/100,000). Since introduction of the Hib conjugate vaccine, Hia infection has become a major invasive bacterial disease in Alaska Native children.