Perkinism vs. mesmerism
1970; Wiley; Volume: 6; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Estoniano
10.1002/1520-6696(197001)6
ISSN1520-6696
AutoresEric T. Carlson, Meribeth M. Simpson,
Tópico(s)Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology
ResumoJournal of the History of the Behavioral SciencesVolume 6, Issue 1 p. 16-24 Article Perkinism vs. mesmerism Eric T. Carlson M.D., Eric T. Carlson M.D. Cornell University Medical College Clinical Assoc. Prof. of Psychiatry, Cornell Univ. Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, New York, N. Y. 10021.Search for more papers by this authorMeribeth M. Simpson B.A., Meribeth M. Simpson B.A. Cornell University Medical College Research Fellow, Department of Psychiatry, Cornell Univ. Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, New York, N. Y. 10021.Search for more papers by this author Eric T. Carlson M.D., Eric T. Carlson M.D. Cornell University Medical College Clinical Assoc. Prof. of Psychiatry, Cornell Univ. Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, New York, N. Y. 10021.Search for more papers by this authorMeribeth M. Simpson B.A., Meribeth M. Simpson B.A. Cornell University Medical College Research Fellow, Department of Psychiatry, Cornell Univ. Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, New York, N. Y. 10021.Search for more papers by this author First published: January 1970 https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6696(197001)6:1 3.0.CO;2-VCitations: 6 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL References 1 [Fessenden, T. G.]: Terrible Tractoration… by Christopher Caustic. New York: Samuel Stanbury, 1804, pp. 123– 124. 2 CONNECTICUT MEDICAL SOCIETY: Proceedings of, 1792–1829. Hartford: Case, Lockwood & Brainard Co., 1884, pp. 39– 40 (May 17, 1796). 3 Quen, Jacques M.: A Study of Dr. Elisha Perkins and Perkinism. Manuscript M.D. thesis (Dept. of the History of Medicine), Yale University, 1954 (in the collections of the Oskar Diethelm Historical Library, Cornell University Medical College, New York, N. Y.); and, Elisha Perkins, Physician, Nostrum-Vendor, or Charlatan? Bull. Hist. Med. 37 (2): 159– 166, March-April 1963. 4 Mesmer, [FRANZ ANTON]: Mémoire sur la Découverte du Magnétisme Animal. Geneva: for P. Fr. Didot (Paris), 1779, translated by Gilbert Frankau in Mesmerism by Doctor Mesmer (1779), with Introductory Monograph by the translator. London: Macdonald, 1948, pp. 54– 56. 5 Frank, A. PATTIE has concluded from textual analysis and other evidence that Mesmer leaned on Mead's work to the point of dishonesty, though he credits Mead in a general fashion. Mesmer's claims for originality in other respects has also been disputed. See: Frank A. Pattie: Mesmer's Medical Dissertation and its Debt to Mead's De Imperio Solis ac Lunae, J. Hist. Med. 11 (3): 275– 287, July 1956. 6 Mesme R. Frankau transl. p. 56. 7 J. Hist. Med. pp. 54– 56. 8 MESMER says that there is an opposing property which is subject to the same laws regarding propagation, storing, and the like, but does not develop the idea. See: J. Hist. Med. 9 J. Hist. Med. pp. 37– 39. 10 RAPPORT des Commissaires Chargés par le Roi de l'Examen du Magnétisme Animal. Nice: Gabriel Floteron, 1785; and, Animal Magnetism: Report of Dr. Franklin and Other Commissioners. Philadelphia: H. Perkins, 1837. 11 Frankau, G.: in op. cit. p. 15. See also: Goldsmith, Margaret: Franz Anton Mesmer. London: Arthur Baker, 1934, pp. 65– 66. 12 MESMER had said in the 1779 Mémoire ( Frankau transl. p. 54): It is particularly manifest in the human body that the agent has properties similar to those of the magnet; different and opposite poles may likewise be distinguished, which can be changed, communicated, destroyed and strengthened; even the phenomenon of dipping is observed. But Mesmer would not have considered the commission's test a fair one, because the animal-magnetic fluid, not being exactly the same as magnetism, was not to be expected to affect a piece of metal or measuring device as a magnet or electricity would. Moreover, as has been said, it varied from person to person. He could also repudiate any tests of animal magnetism in which, not he, but d'Eslon represented the defense. 13 Observations on the Duties of a Physician, in Medical Inquiries and Observations [Collected Works]. Philadelphia: J. Conrad, 1805, 2nd. ed., 4 vols., Vol. I, pp. 394– 395. 14 See: Benjamin D. Perkins: Experiments with the Metallic Tractors… as Published by Herholdt and Rafn (Copenhagen), and Reports of about One Hundred and Fifty Cases in England. London: J. Johnson, 1799. 15 Haygarth, John: Of the Imagination as a Cause and as a Cure of Disorders of the Body. Bath: R. Cruttwell, 1800. 16 His major statements of theory are in Experiments (cited above, n. 14) and in the following: Cases of Successful Practice with Perkins's Patent Metallic Tractors. London: G. Cooke, 1801; and, The Influence of the Metallic Tractors on the Human Body. London: J. Johnson and Ogilby and Son, 1798. 17 Perkins, Benjamin D.: Influence. pp. 20– 21. 18 Perkins, Benjamin D.: Cases. pp. 82– 84. 19 Perkins, Benjamin D.: Experiments. pp. 305– 306. 20 QUEN. Study of Dr. Elisha Perkins; and, Elisha Perkins. 21 This possibility is lent weight by the fact that the Oskar Diethelm Historical Library in our Department of Psychiatry at Cornell Medical Center owns a copy of Valli's Experiments on Amimal Electricity (London: J. Johnson, 1793) which bears Elisha Perkins' signature. Elisha Perkins had a namesake son, but Dr. Quen identifies the signature as that of the father from his considerable acquaintance with Perkins' writings. Perkins appears to have passed his copy on to Dr. John Vaughan (see below), for under Elisha Perkins' signature is found, to Jno. Vaughan. We have not authenticated the latter signature however. Valli had shown that the application of two metals produced a convulsive reaction in the muscles. 22 QUEN. Study of Dr. Elisha Perkins. p. 46. 23 QUEN. Study of Dr. Elisha Perkins p. 52. 24 QUEN. Study of Dr. Elisha Perkins pp. 58– 59. Attempts were made by a number of writers at that time to explain epidemic fevers in terms of the effects of electricity or of oxygen and other gases on a miasma. 25 QUEN. Study of Dr. Elisha Perkins WILMINGTON: W. C. Smyth. 26 Address, probably given at the Connecticut Medical Society meeting in New Haven, October 1796. The only record of this address appears to be in one of Benjamin D. Perkins' books (Influence, pp. 27– 29). Jacques M. Quen and Patricia S. Noel in an unpublished study of Munson have found no other evidence regarding it. 27 Connecticut Medical Society: Proceedings. pp. 10 and 50. 28 Perkins, Benjamin D.: Influence. p. 31. Citing Literature Volume6, Issue1January 1970Pages 16-24 ReferencesRelatedInformation
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