Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Sensitivity of soil surface temperature in a force-restore equation to heat fluxes and deep soil temperature

1999; Wiley; Volume: 19; Issue: 14 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/(sici)1097-0088(19991130)19

1097-0088

Dragutin T. Mihailović, George Kallos, Ilija Arsenić, Branislava Lalić, Borivoj Rajković, Αναστάσιος Παπαδόπουλος,

Landslides and related hazards

International Journal of ClimatologyVolume 19, Issue 14 p. 1617-1632 Research Article Sensitivity of soil surface temperature in a force-restore equation to heat fluxes and deep soil temperature Dragutin T. Mihailović, Corresponding Author Dragutin T. Mihailović Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorGeorge Kallos, George Kallos Department of Applied Physics, University of Athens, 15874 Athens, GreeceSearch for more papers by this authorIlija D. Arsenić, Ilija D. Arsenić Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorBranislava Lalić, Branislava Lalić Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorBorivoj Rajković, Borivoj Rajković Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorAtanasios Papadopoulos, Atanasios Papadopoulos Department of Applied Physics, University of Athens, 15874 Athens, GreeceSearch for more papers by this author Dragutin T. Mihailović, Corresponding Author Dragutin T. Mihailović Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaFaculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorGeorge Kallos, George Kallos Department of Applied Physics, University of Athens, 15874 Athens, GreeceSearch for more papers by this authorIlija D. Arsenić, Ilija D. Arsenić Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorBranislava Lalić, Branislava Lalić Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad and Center for Meteorology and Environmental Modelling, CIMS, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorBorivoj Rajković, Borivoj Rajković Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, YugoslaviaSearch for more papers by this authorAtanasios Papadopoulos, Atanasios Papadopoulos Department of Applied Physics, University of Athens, 15874 Athens, GreeceSearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 November 1999 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0088(19991130)19:14 3.0.CO;2-BCitations: 17AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract The ‘force-restore’ approach is commonly used in order to calculate the surface temperature in atmospheric models. A critical point in this method is how to calculate the deep soil temperature which appears in the restore term of the ‘force-restore’ equation. If the prognostic equation for calculating the deep soil temperature is used, some errors in surface temperature calculation and consequently in partitioning the surface energy and land surface water can be introduced. Usually, these errors should appear as a result of incorrect parameterization of surface energy terms in the prognostic equation based on ‘force-restore’ approach. In this paper, the sensitivity of the ‘force-restore’ model for surface temperature to the: (a) changes of soil heat flux; (b) variations of deep soil temperature and (c) changes in soil water evaporation is examined. In addition, the impact of the deep soil temperature variations on partitioning the surface energy and land surface water is discussed. Finally, a new procedure for calculating the deep soil temperature based, on climatological data of soil temperature and its exponential attenuation in the deep soil layers is suggested. All numerical experiments with the LAPS land surface scheme were performed using two data sets, obtained from the micrometeorological measurements over a bare soil at Rimski Šančevi (Yugoslavia), RS, and Caumont (France), HAPEX. Copyright © 1999 Royal Meteorological Society References Acs, F., Mihailović, D.T. and Rajkovic, B. 1991. ‘A coupled soil moisture and surface temperature model’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 30, 812–822. 10.1175/1520-0450(1991)030 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Bhumralkar, C.M. 1975. ‘Numerical experiments on the computation of ground surface temperature in an atmospheric general circulation model’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 14, 1246–1258. 10.1175/1520-0450(1975)014 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Blackadar, A.K. 1976. ‘ Modeling the nocturnal boundary layer’, Proceedings of the Third Symposium on Atmospheric Turbulence, Diffusion and Air Quality, Am. Meteorol. Soc., pp. 46–49. Google Scholar Businger, J.A., Wyngaard, J.C., Izumi, Y.I. and Bradley, E.F. 1971. ‘Flux–profile relationship in the atmospheric surface layer’, J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 181–189. 10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Clapp, R.B. and Hornberger, G.M. 1978. ‘Empirical equations for some soil hydraulical properties’, Water Resour. Res., 14, 601–604. 10.1029/WR014i004p00601 Web of Science®Google Scholar Deardorf, J.W. 1978. ‘Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture with inclusion of a layer of vegetation’, J. Geophys. Res., 83, 1889–1903. 10.1029/JC083iC04p01889 Web of Science®Google Scholar Dickinson, R.E. 1988. ‘The force-restore model for surface temperatures and its generalizations’, J. Climate, 1, 1086–1097. 10.1175/1520-0442(1988)001 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar de Vries, D.A. 1963. Physics of Plant Environment, North-Holland Publishing Co., p. 594, . Google Scholar Garratt, R.J. 1992. The Atmospheric Boundary Layer, The Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 316. Google Scholar Goutorbe, J.P. 1991. ‘ A critical assessment of the SAMER network accuracy’, in T. Schmugge and J.C Andre (eds), Land Surface Evaporation, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 171–182. 10.1007/978-1-4612-3032-8_10 Google Scholar Goutorbe, J.P. and Tarrieu, C. 1991. ‘ HAPEX-MOBILHY data base’, in T. Schmugge and J.C Andre (eds.), Land Surface Evaporation, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. pp. 403–410, . 10.1007/978-1-4612-3032-8_25 Google Scholar Jacobsen, I. and Heise, E. 1982. ‘A new economic method for the computation of the surface temperature in numerical models’, Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 55, 128–141. Google Scholar Kondo, J., Saigusa, N. and Sato, T. 1990. ‘A parameterization of evaporation from bare soil surface’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 29, 385–389. 10.1175/1520-0450(1990)029 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Lee, T.J. and Pielke, R.A. 1992. ‘Estimating the soil surface specific humidity’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 31, 480–484. 10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Lin, J.D. 1980. ‘On the force-restore methods for the prediction of ground surface temperature’, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 3251–3254. 10.1029/JC085iC06p03251 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mahfouf, J.F. and Noilhan, J. 1991. ‘Comparative study of various formulations of evaporation from bare soil using in-situ data’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 30, 1354–1365. 10.1175/1520-0450(1991)030 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mahrer, Y. and Pielke, R.A. 1977. ‘The effects of topography on the sea and land breezes in a two-dimensional numerical model’, Mon. Weather Rev., 105, 1151–1162. 10.1175/1520-0493(1977)105 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T. 1991. ‘A model for the prediction of the soil temperature and the soil moisture content in three layers’, Z. Meteorol., 41, 29–33. Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T. 1996. ‘Description of a land–air parameterization scheme (LAPS)’, Global Planet Change, 13, 207–215. 10.1016/0921-8181(95)00048-8 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T. and Kallos, G. 1997. ‘A sensitivity study of a coupled-vegetation boundary-layer scheme for use in atmospheric modelling’, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 82, 283–315. 10.1023/A:1000169412287 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T. and Rajković, B. 1994. ‘Impact of differently designed bare soil evaporation schemes on variability of Bowen ratio and ground temperature in land–air parameterization modeling’, Meteor. Z, 3, 273–280. Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T. and Ruml, M. 1996. ‘Design of land–air parameterization scheme (LAPS) for modelling boundary layer surface processes’, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 58, 65–81. 10.1007/BF01027557 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T., de Bruin, H.A.R., Jeftić, M. and van Dijken, A. 1992. ‘A study of the sensitivity of land surface parameterizations to the inclusion of different fractional covers and soil textures’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 31, 1477–1487. 10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T., Lalić, B. and Arsenić, I. D. 1996. ‘ Specifying the deep soil temperature in force restore method for calculating the surface temperature in atmospheric models during long term integration’, Proceedings of SEDI Fifth International Symposium, 23–27 July, Brisbane, Australia. Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T., Pielke, R.A., Rajković, B., Lee, T.J. and Jeftić, M. 1993. ‘A resistance representation of schemes for evaporation from bare and partly plant covered surfaces for use in atmospheric models’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 32, 1038–1054. 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T., Rajković, B., Lalić, B. and Dekić, L.J. 1995a. ‘Schemes for parameterizing evaporation from a non-plant-covered surface and their impact on partitioning the surface energy in land-air exchange parameterization’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 34, 2462–2475. 10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T., Rajković, B., Dekić, L.J., Pielke, R.A., Lee, T.J. and Ye, Z. 1995b. ‘The validation of various schemes for parameterizing evaporation from bare soil for use in meteorological models: a numerical study using in situ data’, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 76, 259–289. 10.1007/BF00709354 Web of Science®Google Scholar Mihailović, D.T., Rajković, B., Lalić, B., Jović, D. and Dekić, LJ. 1998. ‘Partitioning the land surface water simulated by a land-air surface scheme’, J. Hydrol., 211, 17–33. 10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00190-5 Web of Science®Google Scholar Noilhan, J. and Planton, S. 1989. ‘A simple parameterisation of land surface processes in meteorological models’, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 536–549. 10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Savijarvi, H. 1992. ‘On surface temperature and moisture prediction in atmospheric models’, Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 65, 281–292. Google Scholar Sellers, P.J., Mintz, Y., Sud, Y. and Dalcher, A. 1986. ‘A simple biosphere model (SIB) for use within general circulation models’, J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 506–531. 10.1175/1520-0469(1986)043 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Sellers, W.D. 1972. Physical Climatology, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 272, . Google Scholar Shao, Y., Roma, A.D., Henderson-Sellers, A., Thornton, P., Liang, X., Chen, T.H., Ciret, C., Desborough, C., Balachova, O., Haxeltine, A. and Ducharne, A. 1994. Soil Moisture Simulation, Report of the RICE and PILPS Workshop. IGPO Publication Series, Washington, No. 14, p. 170. Google Scholar Wilson, M.F., Henderson-Sellers, A., Dickinson, R.E. and Kennedy, P.J. 1987. ‘Sensitivity of the biosphere–atmosphere transfer scheme (BATS) to the inclusion of variable soil characteristics’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 26, 341–362. 10.1175/1520-0450(1987)026 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Xue, Y., Sellers, P.J., Kinter, J.L. and Shukla, J. 1991. ‘A simplified biosphere model for global climate studies’, J. Climate, 4, 345–364. 10.1175/1520-0442(1991)004 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Zhang, D. and Anthes, R.A. 1982. ‘A high resolution model of the planetary boundary layer sensitivity tests and comparisons with SESAME-79 data’, J. Appl. Meteorol., 21, 1594–1609. 10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021 2.0.CO;2 Web of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume19, Issue1430 November 1999Pages 1617-1632 ReferencesRelatedInformation