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Depositional environment and coal petrology of citak (akhisar) lignite deposits, west turkey

1986; Elsevier BV; Volume: 6; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/0166-5162(86)90016-9

1872-7840

Fuzulı Yağmurlu,

Coal Properties and Utilization

The Miocene alluvial, fluvial and lacustrine deposits occurring to the east of Akhisar (West Turkey) contain an economically potential lignite layer. This Miocene sequence is divisible into five formations, of which the Yeniköy Formation contains an autochthonous lignite horizon in its uppermost part. The Yeniköy Formation consists of, in a broadly ascending order, cross-bedded sandstones, channel-fill conglomerates, algal limestones, mudstones and carbonaceous shales. The Küçükderment Formation, which overlies the Yeniköy Formation and is composed of calcareous shale, clayey limestone, mudstone and bituminous shale, is of apparently lacustrine origin. The lignite horizon changes in thickness from 0.5 to 5 m, and is variably interbedded with clay and mudstone. It has an average calorific value of 13419 kJ/kg. The average moisture, ash and sulphur contents are 20%, 14% and 3%, respectively. Petrographic analysis indicates that the lignite samples consistently contain large amounts (more than 90%) of huminite (humocollinite, humodetrinite) and small amounts of intertinite (fusunite, semifusunite) and liptinite (resinite, sporinite, alginite). Average huminite/vitrinite reflectance ranges from 0.34 to 0.38%. In the DIN coal classification the rank features indicate “dull brown coal”. Macerals in the lignites indicate that the coal-forming peat accumulated in a predominantly forest-moor swamp environment in which reducing and low pH conditions prevailed. Spore and pollen assemblages suggest that a subtropical and humid climate existed during deposition of the coal.