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Suppression of Syndecan-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α

1996; Elsevier BV; Volume: 271; Issue: 31 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1074/jbc.271.31.18759

1083-351X

Varpu Kainulainen, Lassi Nelimarkka, Hannu Järveläinen, Matti Laato, Markku Jalkanen, Klaus Elenius,

Corneal Surgery and Treatments

Syndecan-1 is a cell surface proteoglycan that binds extracellular matrix components and modulates the activity of heparin-binding growth factors. The expression of syndecan-1 is modified during development, carcinogenesis, and tissue regeneration. During cutaneous wound healing, syndecan-1 expression is transiently induced in newly-formed capillaries of granulation tissue as well as in proliferating keratinocytes. To study the mechanisms underlying this regulation we investigated the effects of several growth factors/cytokines on syndecan-1 expression in two human cell lines: EA.hy 926 endothelial cells and HaCaT keratinocytes. None of these factors significantly altered syndecan-1 mRNA expression in cultured keratinocytes, but when given to endothelial cells, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) specifically and dose-dependently suppressed syndecan-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. TNF-α reduced the amount of syndecan-1 protein in EA.hy 926 cells in both the presence and absence of serum and, at the same time, induced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The suppressive effect of TNF-α on endothelial syndecan-1 expression was reproducible in in vivo experiments in which TNF-α-coated beads were administered directly to healing skin wounds of mice. Data supporting these findings were further obtained by injecting TNF-α into an experimental rat granulation tissue model. In this tissue TNF-α suppressed syndecan-1 mRNA expression by approximately 80%. These results indicate that TNF-α is capable of down-regulating syndecan-1 expression in endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo and suggest that similar mechanisms may be responsible for the changes in syndecan-1 expression observed during various regenerative, developmental, and malignant processes. Syndecan-1 is a cell surface proteoglycan that binds extracellular matrix components and modulates the activity of heparin-binding growth factors. The expression of syndecan-1 is modified during development, carcinogenesis, and tissue regeneration. During cutaneous wound healing, syndecan-1 expression is transiently induced in newly-formed capillaries of granulation tissue as well as in proliferating keratinocytes. To study the mechanisms underlying this regulation we investigated the effects of several growth factors/cytokines on syndecan-1 expression in two human cell lines: EA.hy 926 endothelial cells and HaCaT keratinocytes. None of these factors significantly altered syndecan-1 mRNA expression in cultured keratinocytes, but when given to endothelial cells, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) specifically and dose-dependently suppressed syndecan-1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. TNF-α reduced the amount of syndecan-1 protein in EA.hy 926 cells in both the presence and absence of serum and, at the same time, induced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The suppressive effect of TNF-α on endothelial syndecan-1 expression was reproducible in in vivo experiments in which TNF-α-coated beads were administered directly to healing skin wounds of mice. Data supporting these findings were further obtained by injecting TNF-α into an experimental rat granulation tissue model. In this tissue TNF-α suppressed syndecan-1 mRNA expression by approximately 80%. These results indicate that TNF-α is capable of down-regulating syndecan-1 expression in endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo and suggest that similar mechanisms may be responsible for the changes in syndecan-1 expression observed during various regenerative, developmental, and malignant processes.