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Digital image analysis of skin neoplasms evaluated by lectin histochemistry: potential marker to biochemical alterations and tumour differential diagnosis

2006; Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clínica; Volume: 42; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1590/s1676-24442006000600009

1678-4774

Mário Ribeiro de Melo-Júnior, Jorge Luiz Silva Araújo-Filho, Vasco José Ramos Malta Patu, Marcos Cezar Feitosa de Paula Machado, Eduardo I. C. Beltrão, Luiz Bezerra de Carvalho,

Cancer and Skin Lesions

The present study aims to evaluate, through lectin histochemistry, the alterations in the expression of cell surface carbohydrate between benign and malignant lesions of skin using computer image analysis. Skin fragments were obtained through biopsies and diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), epidermoid carcinoma (EpC), trichoepithelioma (TE), keratoacanthoma (KA), seborrheic keratosis (SK) and actinic keratosis (AK). Lectins Con A, WGA, PNA, UEA-I and LTA were used in histochemistry study. Image analysis was carried out in a workstation using OPTIMAS TM software system. PNA strong binding pattern to studied tumours evidenced the high expression of D-galactose residues in the epidermal neoplasms when compared to other sugars recognized by the other lectins. Among benign neoplasms, KA presented a high expression of glucose/mannose, alpha-fucose and D-galactose residues evidenced by the intense staining of Con A (94.7%), LTA (84.2%) and PNA (89.4%), respectively. Malignant tumours showed distinct binding patterns. EpC presented significant binding only by PNA lectin. BCC was differentially stained in comparison to the staining pattern observed in benign lesions such as TE. Qualitative (lectin histochemistry) and quantitative (digital image analysis) data obtained in this study evidenced those lectins are potential markers to biochemical alterations in skin neoplasms.