Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Empowering women in Brazil
2007; Elsevier BV; Volume: 370; Issue: 9599 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61671-7
ISSN1474-547X
AutoresSimone Grilo Diniz, Debra Bick, Maria Helena Bastos, María Luiza Gonzalez Riesco,
Tópico(s)Global Health and Epidemiology
ResumoBrazil is a middle-income country, with a fertility rate of 2·1 children per woman, and a health-care system that guarantees universal free access—the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). It has vibrant social organisations, in which activists from the feminist movement have influenced the development and implementation of progressive national women's health policies. Hospital births account for 96% of all births (and more than 99% in urban areas). Despite increases in investment in health-care provision, maternal mortality rates have remained high for more than a decade, although capture of accurate mortality data remains a problem. According to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the maternal mortality ratio in 2002 was 75·3 per 100 000 livebirths, which is considered by WHO to be in the high mortality band. 1 Federative Republic of BrazilBrazilian monitoring report on the millennium development goals. http://getinternet.ipea.gov.br/odm/2004%20Brazilian%20MDGs%20Report.pdfDate: 2004 Google Scholar The World Health statistics (2000) estimated a much higher ratio: 260 maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths, 2 World Health OrganizationCore health indicators. http://www.who.int/whosis/database/core/core_select_process.cfmDate: 2007 Google Scholar although this figure is contested in Brazil. Three-quarters of all deaths happened in the postpartum period. 3 Laurenti R Jorge MHPdeM Gotlieb SLD Maternal mortality in Brazilian state capitals: some characteristics and estimates for an adjustment factor. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2004; 7: 449-460 Crossref Google Scholar If we consider ethnic differences, data from 2002 showed that whereas the average maternal mortality ratio in Brazil was 49·3 per 100 000 for white women, it was 240·4 for black women. The risk of dying from hypertensive disease in pregnancy was 8·2 times higher for black than for white women. 4 Martins AL Maternal mortality among black women in Brazil. Cad Saúde Pública. 2006; 22: 2473-2479 Crossref PubMed Google Scholar Because the data did not include late maternal deaths (between 43 days and 1 year after childbirth), maternal mortality is likely to be greater. Progress and inequity in Latin AmericaThis week's Lancet focuses on health and research in Latin America. The region is undergoing rapid transition, becoming more developed, more urban, and, slowly, better off. Its health problems, too, are undergoing change, most notably the shift in the burden of disease from infectious diseases to the non-communicable diseases of “affluence”, diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke. Full-Text PDF
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