The Effect of Specific Allergen Inhalation on Adipokine Level
2010; Elsevier BV; Volume: 137; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1378/chest.09-1256
ISSN1931-3543
Autores Tópico(s)Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
ResumoI read with great interest the original research article in CHEST (February 2009) by Sood et al.1Sood A Qualls C Seagrave J et al.Effect of specific allergen inhalation on serum adiponectin in human asthma.Chest. 2009; 135: 287-294Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (23) Google Scholar The authors searched the effect of specific allergen inhalation on adiponectin, leptin, and the adiponectin-to-leptin ratio in mild asthmatic patients and found that specific allergen inhalation had no effect on serum adipokine levels. Previously, Unal et al2Unal M Eskandari G Muşlu N Pata YS Akbaş Y Serum leptin levels in patients with allergic rhinitis.Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006; 134: 331-333Crossref PubMed Scopus (26) Google Scholar showed that serum leptin levels were significantly higher in 26 adult patients with allergic rhinitis during a symptomatic period than in a control group. Also, Radon et al's3Radon K Schulze A Schierl R Dietrich-Gümperlein G Nowak D Jörres RA Serum leptin and adiponectin levels and their association with allergic sensitization.Allergy. 2008; 63: 1448-1454Crossref PubMed Scopus (14) Google Scholar epidemiologic findings confirmed a linear positive association between serum leptin level and prevalence of allergic sensitization (highest vs lowest quartile odds ratio 6.7, 95% CI 2.0–22.4) especially in subjects with farm contact. In combination with experimental data in animals, these findings suggest a link between adipokines and allergy. I wish to express my concerns about two aspects of their work. As it has been speculated that sex hormones could affect adiponectin levels, I think they sought more to minimize potential confounders. In his previous study, Sood et al4Sood A Cui X Qualls C et al.Association between asthma and serum adiponectin concentration in women.Thorax. 2008; 63: 877-882Crossref PubMed Scopus (105) Google Scholar showed that in women, but not men, a lower serum adiponectin concentration is associated with asthma. Estrogen and progesterone may affect the adiponectin concentration by controlling adipose tissue metabolism and estrogen, which has been shown to alter the action of lipoprotein lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase in adipocytes. There is also in vitro evidence that estrogen decreased adiponectin expression in adipocytes.5Dyck DJ Adipokines as regulators of muscle metabolism and insulin sensitivity.Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2009; 34: 396-402Crossref PubMed Scopus (110) Google Scholar In the present study, as most of the subjects were women in the premenopausal stage, this phase of their menstrual cycle might also be important. Second, in the present study only total adiponectin concentration had been measured. Adiponectin circulates as multiple oligomer forms such as low-molecular-weight trimer, medium-molecular-weight hexamer, and high-molecular-weight (HMW) multimer (12-18 mers).6Radjainia M Wang Y Mitra AK Structural polymorphism of oligomeric adiponectin visualized by electron microscopy.J Mol Biol. 2008; 381: 419-430Crossref PubMed Scopus (31) Google Scholar It has been demonstrated that the lower plasma concentration of adiponectin in men could be due to a smaller amount of the HMW form of adiponectin. Secretion of HMW adiponectin has been reported to decline in response to testosterone.7Nishizawa H Shimomura I Kishida K et al.Androgens decrease plasma adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing adipocyte-derived protein.Diabetes. 2002; 51: 2734-2741Crossref PubMed Scopus (672) Google Scholar In a cross-sectional study of 32 healthy women (12 premenopausal, 10 postmenopausal, and 10 early pregnant), they found that serum concentrations of total and HMW adiponectin were highest in postmenopausal women and lowest in pregnant women with regard to estrogen level.8Leung KC Xu A Craig ME Martin A Lam KS O'Sullivan AJ Adiponectin isoform distribution in women—relationship to female sex steroids and insulin sensitivity.Metabolism. 2009; 58: 239-245Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (39) Google Scholar In summary, application of more strict inclusion criteria considering sex hormones and investigating circulating oligomeric isoforms of adiponectin could help us to understand underlying mechanisms for asthma and adipokines better. The Effect of Specific Allergen Inhalation on Adipokine Level: ResponseCHESTVol. 137Issue 2PreviewWe would like to thank Dr Ozol from Ankara, Turkey, for his insightful comments related to the role of adipokines in human asthma in general and to our published article in particular (February 2009).1 Although not well studied, it is possible that specific phases of the menstrual cycle may differentially affect systemic concentrations of specific adipokines in women.2 Therefore, for menstruating women, we limited all study testing within 3 to 14 days following the cessation of menstrual flow1 to minimize the potential effect of the luteal menstrual phase on serum adipokine concentrations. Full-Text PDF
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