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Localization of swine PRE‐1 homologues in 13 loci of Phacochoerus aethiopicus and Tayassu tajacu genomes, and their sequence divergence

1997; Wiley; Volume: 28; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/j.1365-2052.1997.00108.x

1365-2052

Sri Sulandari, Takashi Harumi, Yoshiro Wada, Hirofumi Yasue, M Muladno, Shogo Yanai,

Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications

In our previous study, PRE‐1 (a swine short interspersed nuclear element, SINE) was found to be present in the genomes of animal species related to swine ( Sus scrofa ) i.e. warthog ( Phacochoerus aethiopicus ) and collared peccary ( Tayassu tajacu ) at almost the same frequency as in Sus scrofa . In the present study, we investigated whether PRE‐1 was present in hippopotamus ( Hippopotamus amphibius ), which is in the same order but in a different family to Sus scrofa . Hippopotamus amphibius was found to contain no PRE‐1. Then, in order to study the localization of PRE‐1 sequences at locus level and the sequence divergence of the PRE‐1 of individual loci among Sus scrofa , Phacochoerus aethiopicus and Tayassu tajacu , primer sets, which can amplify PRE‐1 sequences at 13 loci of swine genome with the polymerase chain reaction, were prepared to identify any corresponding sequences in Phacochoerus aethiopicus and Tayassu tajacu . Twelve and nine of the 13 primer sets identified fragments in Phacochoerus aethiopicus and Tayassu tajacu respectively. Ten of the 12 Phacochoerus aethiopicus fragments and two of the nine Tayassu tajacu fragments contained PRE‐1 sequences. Based on the divergence between the corresponding PRE‐1 sequences at individual loci and on the mutation rate of the pseudogenes (r=4·6×10 –9 ), Phacochoerus aethiopicus and Tayassu tajacu are currently calculated to have been separated from Sus scrofa later than 1·4million years before present (MYBP) and 16·8 MYBP, respectively.