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Chronological Model of a Brazilian Holocene Shellmound (Sambaqui da Tarioba, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

2014; Cambridge University Press; Volume: 56; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2458/56.16954

1945-5755

Kita Macário, Rosa Souza, D C Trindade, J Decco, Tânia Andrade Lima, Orangel Aguilera, Aguinaldo N. Marques, Eduardo Queiroz Alves, Fabiana Oliveira, Ingrid Chanca, Carla Carvalho, R. M. Anjos, Fábio Campos Pamplona Ribeiro, Edson Silva,

Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory

Since the beginning of the Holocene, hunter-gatherers have occupied the central-south Brazilian coast, as it was a very productive estuarine environment. Living as fishers and mollusk gatherers, they built prehistoric shellmounds, known as sambaqui , up to 30 m high, which can still be found today from the Espírito Santo (21°S) to Rio Grande do Sul (32°S) states, constituting an important testimony of paleodiversity and Brazilian prehistory. The chronology of the Sambaqui da Tarioba, situated in Rio das Ostras, Rio de Janeiro, is discussed herein. Selected well-preserved shells of Iphigenia brasiliana and charcoal from fireplaces in sequential layers were used for radiocarbon dating analysis. Based on a statistical model developed using OxCal software, the results indicate that the settlement occupation begun most probably around 3800 cal BP and lasted for up to 5 centuries.