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Regulating Rap small G-proteins in time and space

2011; Elsevier BV; Volume: 21; Issue: 10 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.tcb.2011.07.001

1879-3088

Martijn Gloerich, Johannes L. Bos,

Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ

Signaling by the small G-protein Rap is under tight regulation by its GEFs and GAPs. These are multi-domain proteins that are themselves controlled by distinct upstream pathways, and thus couple different extra- and intracellular cues to Rap. The individual RapGEFs and RapGAPs are, in addition, targeted to specific cellular locations by numerous anchoring mechanisms and, consequently, may control different pools of Rap. Here, we review the various activating signals and targeting mechanisms of these proteins and discuss their contribution to the spatiotemporal regulation and biological functions of the Rap proteins.