Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Cadherin Switching and Bladder Cancer

2010; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 184; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.juro.2010.04.016

1527-3792

Richard T. Bryan, Chris Tselepis,

Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments

No AccessJournal of UrologyReview Article1 Aug 2010Cadherin Switching and Bladder Cancer Richard T. Bryan and Chris Tselepis Richard T. BryanRichard T. Bryan School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom and Chris TselepisChris Tselepis School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.04.016AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: Progression to or presentation with muscle invasive disease represents the critical clinical step in bladder cancer, necessitating more aggressive therapy and carrying a significantly worse survival rate. Bladder tumors typically show decreased expression of the cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin as grade and stage progress, accompanied by increased expression of N-cadherin or P-cadherin in muscle invasive tumors. This phenomenon has been described as cadherin switching and may represent the key step in invasion. We introduce some of the concepts of cadherin mediated cell adhesion and biology, and describe cadherin switching in detail for bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed a PubMed® search for articles summarizing important concepts in cadherin biology and presenting primary evidence of cadherin expression in bladder cancer. Results: Cadherin switching promotes a more malignant and invasive phenotype of bladder cancer in patients and laboratory based experimental systems. Bladder cancer is novel in that a switch to N-cadherin and P-cadherin expression occurs, although the precise timing and nature of this process remain unknown. Similarly the associated signaling pathways remain to be fully elucidated. Conclusions: Cadherin switching is an important process late in the molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer, and it may hold some of the answers to the development of muscle invasive and metastatic disease. Thus, the cadherin cell adhesion molecules represent strong candidate biological and molecular targets for preventing disease progression, and further investigation is warranted. References 1 : Recurrence and progression of disease in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: from epidemiology to treatment strategy. Eur Urol2009; . Epub ahead of print. Google Scholar 2 : The present and future burden of urinary bladder cancer in the world. World J Urol2009; 27: 289. Google Scholar 3 : SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2006. Bethesda, Maryland: National Cancer Institute2009. Google Scholar 4 : Systemic chemotherapy for patients with advanced and metastatic bladder cancer: current status and future directions. Ann Oncol2005; 16: iv85. Google Scholar 5 : Delay and survival in bladder cancer. BJU Int2002; 89: 868. Google Scholar 6 Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive bladder cancer: update of a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data: Advanced Bladder Cancer (ABC) Meta-analysis Collaboration. Eur Urol2005; 48: 202. Google Scholar 7 : Potential impact of postoperative early complications on the timing of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients undergoing radical cystectomy: a high-volume tertiary cancer center experience. Eur Urol2009; 55: 177. Google Scholar 8 : Defining early morbidity of radical cystectomy for patients with bladder cancer using a standardized reporting methodology. Eur Urol2009; 55: 164. Google Scholar 9 : Cadherins and the tumour progression: is it all in a switch?. Cancer Lett2002; 176: 123. Google Scholar 10 : Molecular evolution of the cadherin superfamily. Int J Biochem Cell Biol2009; 41: 349. Google Scholar 11 : Cadherins and cancer: how does cadherin dysfunction promote tumor progression?. Oncogene2008; 27: 6920. Google Scholar 12 : Cadherins in development and cancer. Mol Biosyst2008; 4: 835. Google Scholar 13 : Molecular and pathological signatures of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions at the cancer invasion front. Histochem Cell Biol2008; 130: 481. Google Scholar 14 : Cadherin switching. J Cell Sci2008; 121: 727. Google Scholar 15 : EMT, the cytoskeleton, and cancer cell invasion. Cancer Metastasis Rev2009; 28: 15. Google Scholar 16 : Cadherin switching dictates the biology of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: ex vivo and in vitro studies. J Pathol2008; 215: 184. Google Scholar 17 : Aberrant P-cadherin expression is an early event in hyperplastic and dysplastic transformation in the colon. Gut2002; 50: 513. Google Scholar 18 : Expression of classic cadherins type I in urothelial neoplastic progression. Hum Pathol2001; 32: 18. Google Scholar 19 : Phylogenetic analysis of the cadherin superfamily allows identification of six major subfamilies besides several solitary members. J Mol Biol2000; 299: 551. Google Scholar 20 : A novel cadherin cell adhesion molecule: its expression patterns associated with implantation and organogenesis of mouse embryos. J Cell Biol1986; 103: 2649. Google Scholar 21 : Surface antigen in early differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1977; 74: 4449. Google Scholar 22 : Developmental defects in mouse embryos lacking N-cadherin. Dev Biol1997; 181: 64. Google Scholar 23 : Cadherin cell-adhesion molecules in human epithelial tissues and carcinomas. Cancer Res1989; 49: 2128. Google Scholar 24 : Precocious mammary gland development in P-cadherin-deficient mice. J Cell Biol1997; 139: 1025. Google Scholar 25 : Molecular cloning of a human Ca2+-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecule homologous to mouse placental cadherin: its low expression in human placental tissues. J Cell Biol1989; 109: 1787. Google Scholar 26 : A monoclonal antibody disrupting calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion of brain tissues: possible role of its target antigen in animal pattern formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A1985; 82: 2789. Google Scholar 27 : The cadherins: cell-cell adhesion molecules controlling animal morphogenesis. Development1988; 102: 639. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar 28 : Collective cell migration in morphogenesis, regeneration and cancer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol2009; 10: 445. Google Scholar 29 : Molecular basis of metastasis. N Engl J Med2008; 359: 2814. Google Scholar 30 : Barrett's esophagus: disregulation of cell cycling and intercellular adhesion in the metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. Digestion2000; 61: 1. Google Scholar 31 : Cadherin switching: essential for behavioral but not morphological changes during an epithelium-to-mesenchyme transition. J Cell Sci2005; 118: 873. Google Scholar 32 : P-cadherin as a prognostic indicator and a modulator of migratory behaviour in bladder carcinoma cells. BJU Int2008; 102: 1707. Google Scholar 33 : Extracellular cleavage and shedding of P-cadherin: a mechanism underlying the invasive behaviour of breast cancer cells. Oncogene2009; . Google Scholar 34 : N-cadherin promotes motility in human breast cancer cells regardless of their E-cadherin expression. J Cell Biol1999; 147: 631. Google Scholar 35 : Overexpressed P-cadherin/CDH3 promotes motility of pancreatic cancer cells by interacting with p120ctn and activating rho-family GTPases. Cancer Res2005; 65: 3092. Google Scholar 36 : A switch from E-cadherin to N-cadherin expression indicates epithelial to mesenchymal transition and is of strong and independent importance for the progress of prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res2007; 13: 7003. Google Scholar 37 : N-cadherin switching occurs in high Gleason grade prostate cancer. Prostate2006; 66: 193. Google Scholar 38 : Cadherin switching in ovarian cancer progression. Int J Cancer2003; 106: 172. Google Scholar 39 : N-cadherin-mediated intercellular interactions promote survival and migration of melanoma cells. Cancer Res2001; 61: 3819. Google Scholar 40 : Expression of E- and N-cadherin in renal cell carcinomas, in renal cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in their xenografts. Int J Cancer1995; 64: 407. Google Scholar 41 : Regulation of E-cadherin expression by VHL and hypoxia-inducible factor. Cancer Res2006; 66: 3567. Google Scholar 42 : Beta-catenin regulates P-cadherin expression in mammary basal epithelial cells. FEBS Lett2007; 581: 831. Google Scholar 43 : P-cadherin induces an epithelial-like phenotype in oral squamous cell carcinoma by GSK-3beta-mediated snail phosphorylation. Carcinogenesis2009; 30: 1781. Google Scholar 44 : P-cadherin is a basal cell-specific epithelial marker that is not expressed in prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res1997; 3: 2121. Google Scholar 45 : Ectopic expression of P-cadherin correlates with promoter hypomethylation early in colorectal carcinogenesis and enhanced intestinal crypt fission in vivo. Cancer Res2008; 68: 7760. Google Scholar 46 : Decreased E-cadherin immunoreactivity correlates with poor survival in patients with bladder tumors. Cancer Res1993; 53: 3241. Medline, Google Scholar 47 : N-cadherin as a novel prognostic marker of progression in superficial urothelial tumors. Clin Cancer Res2006; 12: 2780. Google Scholar 48 : Identification and prognostic significance of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition expression profile in human bladder tumors. Clin Cancer Res2007; 13: 1685. Google Scholar 49 : Novel expression of N-cadherin elicits in vitro bladder cell invasion via the Akt signaling pathway. Oncogene2004; 23: 4745. Google Scholar 50 : Phospho-Akt pathway activation and inhibition depends on N-cadherin or phospho-EGFR expression in invasive human bladder cancer cell lines. Urol Oncol2010; 28: 180. Google Scholar © 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byOkuyama H, Yoshida T, Endo H, Nakayama M, Nonomura N, Nishimura K and Inoue M (2018) Involvement of Heregulin/HER3 in the Primary Culture of Human Urothelial CancerJournal of Urology, VOL. 190, NO. 1, (302-310), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2013. Volume 184Issue 2August 2010Page: 423-431 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2010 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Keywordscadherinscell adhesionurinary bladder neoplasmscell biologyMetricsAuthor Information Richard T. Bryan School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom Financial interest and/or other relationship with Olympus (UK). More articles by this author Chris Tselepis School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...