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Phylogenetic Relationships within the Tribe Justicieae (Acanthaceae): Evidence from Molecular Sequences, Morphology, and Cytology

2000; Missouri Botanical Garden; Volume: 87; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2307/2666140

2162-4372

Lucinda A. McDade, Thomas F. Daniel, Susan E. Masta, Katherine Riley,

Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions

We used molecular sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers and from the intron and spacer of the trnL-trnF chloroplast region to study phylogenetic relationships within the large (ca.2000 species), wideranging, and taxonomically difficult tribe pe ieae (Acanthaceae).The partition homogeneity test indicated that the data sets for the two loci were congruent, and separate analyses of the two m similar results.Analysis of the т data set provides a highly resolved hypothesis of relationships, much of it strongly supported.Justicieae are strc supported as monophyletic; within the tribe, five lineages and one ар и grade are related as follows: jad anthemum lineage (Isoglossinae (атара ит lineage [multiple clades of Old World "justicioids" (Diclipterinae + New World "justicioids")]})].Many aspects of this phylogenetic hypothesis are supported by data from morphology and cytology, and some conform to earlier classific 'ations of the group.There аге, however, a number of novel aspects.Notably, the large genus Justicia (ca.700 species) is not ао 18 пс; the Old World members form а grade and the New World members are monophyletic only if a number of other genera are included.The very strongly supported р relationship between Diclipterinae and the New World "justicioid" lineage i is novel, and we cannot identify molecular synapomorphies to confirm this 1 re pres Rhinacanthus, а "justicioid" (Justicia and morphologically ка и genera) by all but ane criteria, rongly supported as a basal member of Diclipterinae, and cytological evidence confirms this placement.The Pse и ‚тит lineage is only modestly supported as monophyletic and may, in fact, represent a series of d lineages.These plants are marked by having four staminal elements (four stamens or two stamens plus two staminodes), a plesiomorphic condition for all Аса 'eae.Additional evidence (both taxa and characters) will be necessary to resolve this uncertainty, as well as to determine the phylogenetic status of Old World *justicioids."Our analysis does provide considerable resolution of enia within monophyletic lineages, and Mec relationships are discussed in the context of non-molecular evidence and previous classifications y