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Surgical Treatment of Cervical Kyphosis in Larsen Syndrome

2007; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 32; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1097/01.brs.0000250103.88392.8e

1528-1159

Hironobu Sakaura, Takashi Matsuoka, Motoki Iwasaki, Kazuo Yonenobu, Hideki Yoshikawa,

Spinal Dysraphism and Malformations

In Brief Study Design. A retrospective case series. Objective. To review the surgical results for midcervical kyphosis in 3 cases with Larsen syndrome, and to discuss the choice of surgical treatments. Summary of Background Data. Cervical kyphosis is the most hazardous and serious manifestation of Larsen syndrome due to the risk of life-threatening paralysis, and thus usually requires surgical treatment. However, little information has been reported concerning surgical treatments for this challenging condition. Methods. Three patients with Larsen syndrome were surgically treated for midcervical kyphosis at our institution. Results. An infant with mild cervical kyphosis was successfully treated with posterior arthrodesis using a halo immobilization, and anterior vertebral growth with a mature posterior fusion mass resulted in spontaneous correction of the kyphosis. In the remaining 2 infants with myelopathic symptoms due to severe and structural kyphosis, anterior decompression and fusion via a lateral approach followed by posterior fusion with segmental spinal instrumentation and halo immobilization resulted in improved neurologic symptoms and solid fusion. Conclusions. Posterior spinal fusion is only indicated for patients with mild and flexible cervical kyphosis, and anterior decompression and circumferential arthrodesis is required for patients with severe kyphotic deformity, who usually develop myelopathic symptoms. Anterior surgery for such a small patient with severe kyphosis involves much higher risk of spinal cord injury during decompression maneuvers and difficulty in stabilization of the reconstructed cervical spine. Therefore, all patients with Larsen syndrome should be screened with radiographs at the first visit to detect cervical kyphosis early so that posterior alone fusion is possible. Cervical kyphosis is the most hazardous and serious manifestation of Larsen syndrome. However, little information has been reported concerning surgical treatments for this challenging condition. The present report reviews the surgical results for midcervical kyphosis in 3 cases with Larsen syndrome, and the choice of surgical treatments is discussed.